第1个回答 2023-03-03
Lesson 14 Do you speak English?
课文内容：
I had an amusing experience last year. After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town. On the way, a young man waved to me. I stopped and he asked me for a lift. As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language. Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all. Neither of us spoke during the journey. I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?' As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
本文语法：过去完成时
语法归纳：过去完成时的形式：had +过去分词
表示过去某个时间以前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。一般总结为：过去的过去发生到过去结束。经常与过去时间状语连用。
By the end of last month I had worked in New Oriental School for six years.
到上个月底我已经在新东方学校工作六年了。
He replied that his sister had caught cold for two days.他回答说，他姐姐感冒已经两天了。
过去完成时在时间状语从句中的应用：
1)时间状语从句
after / as soon as +过去完成时，主句为一般过去时
After the class had begun, the little boy arrived at the classroom.
开始上课以后，这个小男孩才到教室。
As soon as I had seen him, he said goodbye to me and went away.
我一看见他，他就向我说再见然后走开了。
2)时间状语从句
before / until +一般过去时，主句为过去完成时
He had called me before he came to see me.他来看我之前给我打过电话。
I had waited at the bus station for an hour until my girlfriend came.
在我女朋友来之前，我已经在车站等了她一个小时了。
3)时间状语从句
no sooner / hardly + 过去完成时，主句为than/when+一般过去时
I had do sooner gone out than it began to rain.我刚走到外面就开始下雨了。
逐句精讲：
1.I had an amusing experience last year.
去年，我有过一次有趣的
2.After I had left a small village in the south of France, I drove on to the next town.
在离开法国南部的一个小村庄之后，我继续驶往下一个城镇。
语言点1 此句时间状语从句为“after +过去完成时”,主句用一般过去时。
语目点2 “动词+ on”表示继续做某动作：drive on继续开车;walk on继续走;swim on继续游泳; ride on继续骑车;study on继续研究
语言点3 介词短语in the south of France 作 village的后置定语。另举例：I like the hills in the west of Beijing..我喜欢此京西部的小山。
3.On the way, a young man waved to me.
途中，一个年轻人向我招手。
语言点1 on the way途中，在路上
语言点2 wave to sb.向某人招手,可用于下列四种情况：1)问候; 2)再见; 3)寻求帮助; 4)发出信号
4.I stopped and he asked me for a lift.
我停下了车，他请求让我捎他一段路。
语言点1 对比学习：
1)I stopped the car.我停下了车。(强调我的动作，文中省去the car。)
2)The car stopped.车子停了。(强调车的动作。)
语言点2 ask sb.for sth.向某人请求某事：ask me for a lift向我请求搭便车;A beggar asked me for money when I was walking on the street last night.昨晚我在街上闲逛时，一个乞丐向我 要钱。
5.As soon as he had got into the car, I said good morning to him in French and he replied in the same language.
当他一坐进车里，我就用法语向他问早上好，他也同样用法语回答我。
语言点1 关于“一……就”的表达：
1)as soon as
As soon as I had entered the bedroom, I got sleepy.我一走进卧室就想睡觉。
As soon as he had seen the water, he wanted to go fishing.他一看到水就想钓鱼。
2)the moment(that)…
The moment I had seen you, I fell in love with you.在见到你的那一刻，我就爱上了你。
3)the minute / second / instant (that)…
The instant my brother had fallen in the water, I jumped into the river.
就在我弟弟掉进水里的那一瞬间，我就跳了下去。
语言点2 in / into + language用/成为……语言
He replied in English.他用英语回答。
Please translate this sentence into Chinese.请把这个句子翻译成中文
语言点3 in the same language作状语。
注意：只有在reply后面有宾语时才加介词。
——Could you give all of your money to me?
——“Of course not,” M she replied.(或she replied to me.)
6.Apart from a few words, I do not know any French at all.
除了会几个简单的单词之外，我压根儿就不会讲法语。
语言点1 表达“除了……之外”的重点短语：
1)apart from和exccpt for常用在句首，后不加句子(不包括其后所跟的内容，相当于without )。
Except for being too long, this is a wonderfiil movie.除了有一点长之外，这是一部很不错的电影。
2)except常用于句中(不包括其后所跟的内容，相当于without)。
All students went to the cinema except you.除了你之外，其余所有的学生都去了电影 院。(唯独你没去)
3)besides常用于句中(包括其后所跟的内容在内，相当于with)。
They went to the cinema besides me.除了我之外，他们也去了电*。(我去了)
4)in addition to可用在句首，亦可用在句中。
In addition to this book, I possess lots of books.除了这本书之外，我还有很多书。
语言点2 at all意为“根本”，一般在句子中起强调作用。
You do not know anything about cooking at all.你对烹任根本就一无所知。
7.Neither of us spoke during the journey.
在旅途中，我们两个人都没有说话。
语言点 比较学习“...of+范围”结构的短语：
1)neither of两者中任何一个都不可以(谓语动词一般用单数)
Neither of them has train tickets.他们俩都没有火车票。
2)either of两者中任何一个都可以
Either of the brothers will come.这兄弟俩中会来一个。
3)both of两者都可以
I will take both of the toys.两个玩具我都买了。
4)which of哪一个(两个，三个或以上)
Which of the English books do you like best?这些英语书中你最喜欢哪一本?
5) all of三者或以上
All of boys and girls like to eat candy.所有的男孩和女孩都爱吃糖果。
6) none of三者或以上都不可以
None of soldiers survived the war.在这次战争中士兵们无一生还。
8.I had nearly reached the town, when the young man suddenly said, very slowly, ‘Do you speak English?'.
就在我快到城镇的时候，年轻人突然慢慢地问道：“您讲英语吗? ”
语言点1 nearly = almost几乎
I saw almost all students in this town.我差不多见到了这个镇上所有的学生。
语言点2 when在这里不能译为“当……时候”，而应译为“就在此时”，相当于just then。
9.As I soon learnt, he was English himself.
我很快了解到，他自己就是个英国人!
语言点1 as引导从句+主句的结构：
As we know, he is an English teacher.正如我们所知，他是一个英语老师。
As he told, all students went out.就像他说的，所有的学生都出去了。
As the teacher pointed out, one is never too old to learn.就像老师指出的，一个人永远应该是活到老学到老。
语言点2 himself为反身代词，在书面表达中经常出现在句尾表示强调。