句子开头动词要用那种形式存在 什么时候用原型 什么时候用动名词,可不可以详细讲解

如题所述

第1个回答  2013-12-15
你是说英语吗?

英语的陈述句,肯定式是 主语+谓语(动词及各种附带成分,如宾语、定状语等等)。这种句子不以动词原形开头。

否定式是肯定式的主语之后+助词+not+其他成分。如:The dog that bites does not bark in vain.\\ We men should not put an unfamiliar young lady to bed, even if we are CEOs, unless she ask us to. 这种句子也不以动词原形开头。

有一种比较老也比较文的否定句式,不用助词,直接把not放在要否定的部分之前。We ask not what our country can do for us, but what we can do for our country.这种句子也不以动词原形开头。

祈使句一般是虚拟语气的陈述句形式,原形为 主语+(助动词)+动词+其他成分,即陈述句的虚拟语气形式,但一般省略掉主语(表示特别的语气或分别指示时不省略),因此常常肯定式用动词原形开头。Give me a line when you have arrived.否定式以助词开头,后面加not+其他成分。Scantily-dressed girls are appealing, but do not think it for granted that they are all of easy virtue. 否定式的祈使句也常不用助词开头,而把not直接置于要否定的部分之前。Think not what your beloved one could give you, but the contrary.

一般疑问句以助词或be动词开头,Do you believe...? Can you tell me...? Are you a nurse? 特殊疑问句以疑问词开头,后面加一般疑问句的格式,How do you think about thi idea? 疑问词做主语使不用助词。What is it? Whose car is this? 疑问句也可以用陈述句的句式,只是使用疑问句的语调。You bought a Japanese-brand car?

感叹句除了What/How...句式外, 没有特别的句式,各种句子格式都可以构成感叹句,感叹句是一种功能句类,而不是结构格式。

综上所述,在句子的基本句式中,只有祈使句是常常以动词原形开头的。除此之外,动词出现于句子开头,要么是作为主语,以 V-ing形式出现,dancing in the snow is her special fondness. 要么是其他成分,即插入语,或整句的状语,或谓语的一部分的提前,如宾语(特殊)等等,都不以动词原形出现。Having finished her homework, she got out to her mather's workplace and took her home. \\ Frankly speaking, we have not received any information about this issue.

(直接引语作为宾语,常常置于“主语+动词”之前,各种结构都可以,本文不涉及这个问题)。
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