Robotised insects

如题所述

第1个回答  2022-06-07
正文

Robotised insects may search collapsed buildings for survivors

机械昆虫或能用于建筑坍塌现场,搜寻幸存者

Some researchers are working on turning flying critters like beetles into cyborgs — perhaps for use in military reconnaissance or espionage. Others prefer to concentrate on the creepy-crawly side of entomology, by taking electronic control of cockroaches.

许多研究人员正致力于将甲虫等飞行生物改造为“半机械生物”,它们可能将用于军事侦察或间谍行动。而其他研究者则更专注于昆虫学中那些令人毛骨悚然的存在——他们对蟑螂进行了电子操控。

One such is Sato Hirotaka of Nanyang Technological University, in Singapore. He has been working on cyber-insects for 15 years. Now, he has added another twist to cyber-roaches. Instead of having their movements dictated by remote control, his are run by algorithms that respond directly to sensors in their backpacks.

新加坡南洋理工大学的佐藤浩隆就是其中一位研究者;他已从事“机械昆虫”研究 15 年。如今,他又给机械蟑螂带来了新的变化。他的“机械蟑螂”不是通过远程操控行动的,而是通过算法;算法会直接对它们“背包”中的传感器作出回应。

The insects thus fitted out by Dr Sato are Madagascar hissing cockroaches, which are about 6cm long. The backpacks contain a communications chip, a carbon-dioxide sensor, a motion sensor, an infrared camera and a tiny battery.

被佐藤博士安上装备的是马达加斯加发声蟑螂,身长约 6 厘米。它们的“背包”装配有一个通信芯片、一个二氧化碳传感器、一个运动传感器、一个红外摄像头和一块微型电池。

For search-and-rescue operations in collapsed buildings, fleets of these roaches would be released into the rubble, to crawl their way through while searching for signs of life. The artificial intelligence that decides whether a set of signals actually indicate the presence of a human being is programmed directly into the camera. If it thinks it has spotted someone, it alerts a rescuer.

在坍塌现场的搜救行动中,这批蟑螂会被派进碎石瓦砾中,边爬行前进边搜寻生命迹象。其红外摄像头里直接编入了人工智能算法,由它来决定一系列信号是否真的表明生还者的存在。如果它觉得发现了某个人,就会向救援者发出警报。

To test this arrangement, Dr Sato and his team ran trials in a simulated disaster zone. The software proved able to recognise humans correctly 87% of the time.

为了测试这一装置,佐藤博士和其团队在模拟灾区进行了多次试验。结果证明,该软件识别人类的正确率达到 87%。

The next phase of the project is to refine the system for use out of doors. That done, the manufacture of the backpacks and the automation of their attachment to the insects will need to be commercialised.

该项目的下一个阶段是完善其户外使用系统。待其完成后,人们将会对“背包”装置的批量化生产、以及“背包”与昆虫的自动化装配进行商业化。

主编:思瑶、Jack

品控:思瑶

审核:Jack

重点词汇

work on

从事……,努力改善、实现……

英文释义:to try hard to improve or achieve something

例句:His jokes are good, but he needs to work on his delivery.

critter

/ˈkrɪt̬.ɚ/

n. 生物,动物;可怜人

搭配短语:little furry critters(动物)

例句:The old critter used to live in a shabby hut.(可怜人)

cyborg

/ˈsaɪ.bɔːrɡ/

n. 赛博格,半机械人(生物)

相关词汇:cybernetic(adj. 控制论的,神经机械学的)

相关词汇:cybernetics(n. 控制论,神经机械学)

相关词汇:organism(n. 生命体)

英文释义:a creature that is part human, part machine

相关词汇:cyber-insect(n. 机械昆虫)

文化补充:漫威宇宙里的“冬日战士、冬兵”(Winter Soldier)、巴基(Bucky)在九头蛇组织的改造下,拥有了一只机械手臂,可以算一个“赛博格”。电影《阿丽塔·战斗天使》里的阿丽塔(Alita)也是一个“赛博格”,她除了大脑,身体基本都由机械构成。

reconnaissance

/rɪˈkɑː.nə.səns/

n.(军事)侦察,勘测

相关词汇:recognize(v. 识别,辨别)

搭配短语:a reconnaissance aircraft(侦察机)

espionage

/ˈes.pi.ə.nɑːʒ/

n. 间谍行动

相关词汇:spy(n. 间谍)

词性拓展:spy(v. 从事间谍活动,当间谍)

例句:He was accused of spying for a foreign government.

反义词:counter-espionage(n. 反间谍行动)

词根词缀:counter-(表示“相反,对立”)

相关词汇:counter-attack(n. / v. 反击,反攻 )

creepy-crawly

/ˌkriː.piˈkrɑː.li/

n. 令人毛骨悚然的、令人生厌的昆虫

相关词汇:creepy(adj. 令人毛骨悚然的,令人不寒而栗的)

相关词汇:creep(v.(动物的)蠕动,爬行;蹑手蹑脚地移动)

例句:The spider crept up the wall.(蠕动,爬行)

例句:He crept downstairs, hardly making any noise.(蹑手蹑脚地移动)

例句:This place feels creepy.

近义词:spooky(adj. 阴森恐怖的,怪异吓人的)

相关词汇:crawl(v. 爬行,爬动;缓慢行进,艰难前行)

例句:The traffic was crawling along.

例句:I crawled out of bed at 8:00 this morning.

英文释义:a small insect that gives you a feeling of fear and dislike

补充:文中的 the creepy-crawly side of… 是名词修饰名词的用法。

entomology

/ˌen.t̬əˈmɑː.lə.dʒi/

n. 昆虫学

相关词汇:entomologist(n. 昆虫学家)

cockroach

/ˈkɑːk.roʊtʃ/

n. 蟑螂

同义词:roach(n. 蟑螂(常见于美式英语))

相关词汇:cyber-roach(n. 机械蟑螂)

dictate

/ˈdɪk.teɪt/

v. 决定,支配,摆布

英文释义:to control or decisively affect

例句:The rise in fuel prices was dictated by the market.

algorithm

/ˈæl.ɡə.rɪ.ðəm/

n. 算法

infrared

/ˌɪn.frəˈred/

adj. 红外线的

词根词缀:infra-(表示“低于或超出某一限度”)

a fleet of

一队、一批……

英文释义:a group of something

相关词汇:fleet(n. 舰队,船队)

搭配短语:a fleet of fire trucks

rubble

/ˈrʌb.əl/

n. 碎石,瓦砾

搭配短语:to reduce sth. to rubble(将某地夷为平地、化为一片废墟)

近义词组:to destroy sth. completely

例句:The bomb has reduced the village into rubble.

run a trial

进行试验

相关词汇:trial(测试,试验;审讯,审理)

搭配短语:clinical trials(临床试验)

搭配短语:a trial period(试用期)

近义词:probation;a probation period(试用期)

simulated

/ˈsɪm.jə.leɪ.t̬ɪd/

adj. 模拟的,模仿的

相关词汇:simulate(v. 模拟,模仿;(情感上的)伪装)

例句:It was hard to force a smile and to simulate pleasure.

attachment

/əˈtætʃ.mənt/

n. 连接,装配;附件,附属物

相关词汇:attach(v. 连接,系牢)

英文释义:to fasten, join or connect something

搭配短语:to attach A to B(将 A 固定在 B 上)

例句:I attach a photo to my application form.

搭配短语:to attach a printer to the computer

词根词缀:-ment(名词后缀)

例句:I'll send you the full document as an attachment.

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