污染对人和环境的影响有哪些？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

1、 空气污染对人体的危害
1, air pollution to the human body
空气里面主要含有氮气、氧气，其中氧气是人和动植物最需要的，大约占空气的21%；如果空气中的氧气含量降到16%时，正在点燃着的蜡烛就会熄灭；如果降到7%时，人和动物很快就会被憋死。空气中还含有水蒸气、二氧化碳、硫氧化物、氮氧化物、灰尘等气体和物质。如果空气中的硫氧化物、氮氧化物、灰尘等有害气体和灰尘含量过高，这种空气就是被污染了，空气中掺杂的这些有害气体和脏东西越多，空气被污染的也就越厉害，对人和动植物的危害也就越大。空气污染首先是危害人们的身体健康，其次是影响动植物的生长，还会引起全球性的气候变化。
There are mainly nitrogen and oxygen in the air, in which oxygen is the most needed by people and animals and plants, about 21% of the air, if the air in the oxygen content dropped to 16%, the candle will be lit, if dropped to 7%, people and animals will soon be suppressed. Air also contains water vapor, carbon dioxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dust and other gases and substances. If the air of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, dust and other harmful gases and dust content is too high, the air is polluted, and the air of these harmful gases and dirty things more, air pollution is also more powerful, the greater the harm to people and animals and plants. Air pollution is harmful to people's health, the second is the impact of the growth of plants and animals, but also caused by global climate change.
空气污染引起人体呼吸系统疾病，造成人群死亡率增加。重庆市污染严重地区的肺癌死亡率逐年上升，超过50人/10万，比相对清洁区高4.7倍。长沙市个别街区的肺癌死亡率高达94 .36人/10万。
Air pollution caused by human respiratory system diseases, resulting in an increase in population mortality. The mortality of lung cancer in the severely polluted regions of Chongqing is increasing year by year, with more than 50 people /10 million, 4.7 times higher than that of the relatively clean area. The mortality rate of lung cancer in individual neighborhoods of Changsha city is as high as 94.36 /10.
2、 温室效应增强、气候变暖对人体的危害
2, the greenhouse effect enhancement, the climate warming to human body harm
近几十年来，由于人类活动的影响，特别是所消耗能源急剧增加，以及森林遭到破坏，致使空气中二氧化碳的含量不断增加，使得温室效应不断增强，全世界的气候变暖。这就会使人们的呼吸道疾病、癌症、头疼等发病率增高，并助长疟疾等热带流行性疾病的发生和蔓延。
In recent decades, due to the impact of human activities, especially the rapid increase in energy consumption, as well as forest destruction, resulting in the increase in the content of carbon dioxide in the air, so that the greenhouse effect continues to increase, the world's climate warming. This will make people's respiratory diseases, cancer, headache, etc. The incidence increased, and encourage the occurrence and spread of tropical diseases such as malaria and other tropical diseases.
3、 酸雨对人类的生产和生活的影响
3, acid rain on human production and life
酸雨被称为空中死神，它能使土壤酸化，湖酸化，从而使森林衰退和枯萎，许多水生生物无法生存。进而影响人类的生产和生活。而且，酸雨还对文物古迹和建筑物有侵蚀作用。
Acid rain is known as the air of death, it can make the soil acidification, Lake acidification, so as to make forest decline and wither, many aquatic organisms can not survive. And then influence the production and life of human beings. Moreover, the acid rain also has the erosion function to the cultural relics and historic sites and buildings.
4、 水污染的影响。
4, the impact of water pollution.
水环境污染的后果是严重的，不但使工农业生产备受损失，而且淡水鱼的捕获量也大幅度下降，许多名贵鱼种如长江鲥鱼和黑龙江的大马哈鱼产量急剧下降，有的甚至绝迹。全国性污染导致的死鱼、人畜中毒事件频频发生，全国肝癌、胃癌、食道癌等消化系统癌症发病率逐年上升，我国的水环境污染已经到了非治理不可的地步。
The consequences of water pollution is serious, not only the production of industry and agriculture much loss and freshwater fish capture quantity is greatly decreased, many rare species such as shad in Yangtze River and Heilongjiang salmon production dropped sharply, and some even disappeared. The pollution caused by dead fish, human and animal poisoning incidents occur frequently, the liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and other digestive system cancer incidence rate is increasing year by year, water environment pollution in our country has come to non governance is not the point.
5、 噪声污染给居民的生活和健康造成很大的影响
5, noise pollution to the residents of life and health caused great impact
据29个环保部门统计，在群众来信来访中，反映噪声问题的占30%以上。一些工厂工人耳聋、高血压、心脏病、神经衰弱的发病率高达30%～60%。据上海第一医院耳鼻喉科统计，耳病患者中，约有1/3是因噪声引起的。有的地区，噪声已威胁到青少年智力发育。有关部门预测，如不采取措施，到本世纪末，我国85%的城市居民将无法正常地工作和生活。美国进口普卫欣天 猫
According to the 29 environmental protection department statistics, in the masses of letters and visits, reflecting the noise problem accounted for more than 30%. Some factory workers deaf, high blood pressure, heart disease, neurasthenia, the incidence rate of 30% ~ 60%. Department of ENT, the first hospital of Shanghai according to statistics, the disease patients, about 1/3 is caused by noise. In some areas, noise has been a threat to the intellectual development of young people. The relevant departments to predict, if not to take measures to the end of this century, 85% of the city's residents will not be able to work and life.