定语从句（Attributive
Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即
先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（
关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who,
whom,
whose,
that,
which等。
关系副词有：when,
where,
why等。
倒装句之全部倒装
全部倒装是只将句子中的
谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与
一般现在时和
一般过去时。常见的结构有：
1)
here,
there,
now,
then,
thus等副词置于句首,
谓语动词常用be,
come,
go,
lie,
run。
There
goes
the
bell.
Then
came
the
chairman.
Here
is
your
letter.
2)
表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
Out
rushed
a
missile
from
under
the
bomber.
Ahead
sat
an
old
woman.
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是
人称代词则不能完全倒装。
Here
he
comes.
Away
they
went
倒装句之部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如
助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或
情态动词，则需添加助动词do,
does或did，并将其置于主语之前。
1)
句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no,
not,
never,
seldom,
little,
hardly,
at
no
time,
in
no
way,
not
until…
等。
Never
have
I
seen
such
a
performance.
Nowhere
will
you
find
the
answer
to
this
question.
Not
until
the
child
fell
asleep
did
the
mother
leave
the
room.
当Not
until引出
主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。
注意：
如否定词不在句首不倒装。
I
have
never
seen
such
a
performance.
The
mother
didn't
leave
the
room
until
the
child
fell
asleep.
以否定词开头作部分倒装
如
Not
only…but
also,
Hardly/Scarcely…when,
No
sooner…
than
Not
only
did
he
refuse
the
gift,
he
also
severely
criticized
the
sender.
Hardly
had
she
gone
out
when
a
student
came
to
visit
her.
No
sooner
had
she
gone
out
than
a
student
came
to
visit
her.
注意：只有当Not
only…
but
also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not
only…
but
also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
Not
only
you
but
also
I
am
fond
of
music.
so,
neither,
nor作部分倒装
表示"也"、"也不"
的句子要部分倒装。
Tom
can
speak
French.
So
can
Jack.
If
you
won't
go,
neither
will
I.
注意：
当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。
Tom
asked
me
to
go
to
play
football
and
so
I
did.
---It's
raining
hard.
---So
it
is.
only在句首要倒装的情况
Only
in
this
way,
can
you
learn
English
well.
Only
after
being
asked
three
times
did
he
come
to
the
meeting.
如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装
Only
when
he
is
seriously
ill,
does
he
ever
stay
in
bed.
as,
though
引导的倒装句
as
/
though引导的让步从句必须将
表语或状语提前
（形容词,
副词,
分词,
实义动词提前）。
注意：
1)
句首名词不能带任何
冠词。
2)
句首是实义动词,
其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,
随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try
hard
as
he
will,
he
never
seems
able
to
do
the
work
satisfactorily.
注意:
让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是
though
和yet可连用。
其他部分倒装
1)
so…
that
句型中的so
位于句首时，需倒装。
So
frightened
was
he
that
he
did
not
dare
to
move
an
inch.
2)
在某些表示祝愿的句型中：
May
you
all
be
happy.
3)
在
虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,
had,
should等词，可将if
省略，把
were,
had,
should
移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
Were
I
you,
I
would
try
it
again.