直接引语变间接引语就是写成宾语从句或动词不定式短语,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。
1、直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语,由连词that 引导。
例如:She said: “ I am very happy to help you.”
She said that she was very happy to help you.
2、直接引语是一般、选择或反问疑问句,变成间接引语,由连词whether或if 引导。
例如:He asked me: “Do you come from China?”
He asked me if/whether I came from China.
注意:大多数情况下,if ,whether 可以互换,但句中出现or not,或放在介词后作连接词,只用whether。
例如:She asked whether he could do it or not.
They cried out whether he was all right.
3、直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语,由相应的疑问词who ,whom, whose, how, when, why, where等引导。
例如:My sister asked me : “ What is your friend?”
My sister asked me what your friend was.
4、直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 的宾语。
例如:The solider ordered:” Be quiet.”
The solider ordered us to be quiet.
注意:否定句,在动词不定式前加not
My teacher asked me :” Don”t laugh .”
My teacher asked me not to laugh.
5. 一些注意事项
(!)直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理,变成间接引语时,时态不变。
例如:They told their son :”The earth goes round the sun.”
They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.
(2)直接引语变间接引语时, 指示代词、时间、地点状语作相应的变化。
例如:thisthat , thesethose, nowthen, todaythat day,
yesterday—the day before, last year---the year before,
ago—before, here---there
(3)直接引语是复合句,以since, when, while 引导的状语从句,变成间接引语时,
只改变主句的时态,不改变从句的时态。
例如:He said : “Jim is doing his homework when his father came in.”
He said that Jim was doing his homework when his father came in.
(4)间接引语一定要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序。
例如: They asked: “ where are you from?”
They asked where you were from.
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