一、that的用法:
1、pron. (代词)
1)that用作指示代词的意思是“那,那个”。可指前面提到的那件事,也可指在空间或时间上较另一事物远的事物或人,还可指要表明的或要提及的事物、想法等。
2)that用作关系代词时,指人或事物,同时又在从句中充当句子成分。that偶尔也可引导非限制性定语从句。
3)that还常用以代替who, whom, which,但that...which中的that用做关系代词的先行词。
4)that用作关系代词时在下列情况下可以省略:
①引导限制性定语从句在从句中用作宾语时。
②用在there be结构前作主语时。
③用作表语时。
④在定语从句与先行词之间有插入语时。
⑤在先行词way, reason, distance, place, office等作方式状语、原因状语或地点状语时。
2、conj. (连词)
1)that用作连词时可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
2)that还常引导间接引语或形容词后面的从句。
3)that在以it作形式主语的句子中或引导宾语从句、状语从句时常可省略。
4)that也可用于表示愿望或遗憾。
二、which的用法:
pron. (代词)
1)which用作疑问代词时,在特殊疑问句中用作宾语或主语。
2)which用作关系代词,可引导限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句,引导非限制性定语从句时which可以用整个主句作为其前行词,相当于and that,有时还可引导不定式短语从句。
扩展资料:
that, which词义辨析:
pron. (代词)
that和which都可引导定语从句,但以下情况引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that不能用which:
1、当先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little等不定代词,或被first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no等词修饰时,应该用关系代词that,不用which。
2、当先行词为形容词最高级所修饰时,关系代词用that不用which。
3、当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时,要用关系代词that而不用which。
4、在强调句型“It is〔was〕...that〔who〕...”中,只能用that,不能用which。
5、同位语从句除了用whether, what, why等引导外,通常还用that引导,但不用which。
6、当定语从句由介词加上关系代词来引导时,该关系代词代替的是物而不是人时,不能用that,只能用which。
7、非限制性定语从句所修饰的是物或是整个主句时,关系代词用which,不用that。
参考资料来源:百度百科-that
参考资料来源:百度百科-which
一、that 用法
第一、 that 用作指示代词(复数形式是those),其指代意义同形容词用法,同时它还可以用作定语从句中的先行词;还可为了避免重复,代替前述名词。
That is what he told me.
第二、 that 用作关系代词,引导限制性定语从句。先行词可人可物,用法相当于who或which。(但是在下列情况下多用that:先行词既有人又有物时;先行词有形容词最高级、序数词、不定代词、very,only等修饰时;先行词是不定代词时)
He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.
第三、that 用作连词,引导名词性从句,状语从句和强调句。
1、that名词性从句。
①引导宾语从句。及物动词后的引导词that可省略。
I didn't expect (that) he could win the championship.
② 引导主语从句。通常采用it作形式主语的句型。
That the earth goes around the sun is known to everyone.
③引导表语从句。
The trouble is that we are short of money.
④引导同位语从句。
引导同位语从句的that和引导定语从句的that是不同的。前者只起语法作用,在从句中不作任何成分;而后者在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。举例说明:
The news that he resigned from office surprised us.
2、that引导状语从句
①引导目的状语从句。
Bring it nearer that I may see it better.
②引导结果状语从句。
What have I done that he should be so angry with me?
③引导原因状语从句。
I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test.
④引导让步状语从句。意为“虽然、尽管”。
Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to accomplish it on time.
⑤引导条件状语从句。意为“假使、假设”。
Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?
3、引导强调句。
It is Mrs. white that makes the decision in her family, not her meek little husband.
第四、that用作副词。
1、that用作普通副词。
I was that/so angry I could have hit him.
2、that用作关系副词。引导定语从句,可以代替when,where,why或 in which,常可省略。
I will never forget the evening (that) / when we went to the theatre.
二、which的用法:
1、which用作疑问代词时,在特殊疑问句中用作宾语或主语。
2、which用作关系代词,可引导限制性定语从句或非限制性定语从句,引导非限制性定语从句时which可以用整个主句作为其前行词,相当于and that,有时还可引导不定式短语从句。
扩展资料
that, which词义辨析:
that和which都可引导定语从句,但以下情况引导定语从句的关系代词只能用that不能用which:
1、当先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little等不定代词,或被first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no等词修饰时,应该用关系代词that,不用which。
2、当先行词为形容词最高级所修饰时,关系代词用that不用which。
3、当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时,要用关系代词that而不用which。
4、在强调句型“It is〔was〕...that〔who〕...”中,只能用that,不能用which。
5、同位语从句除了用whether, what, why等引导外,通常还用that引导,但不用which。
6、当定语从句由介词加上关系代词来引导时,该关系代词代替的是物而不是人时,不能用that,只能用which。
7、非限制性定语从句所修饰的是物或是整个主句时,关系代词用which,不用that。
本回答被网友采纳