live adj. 有生命的;活着的:现场直播的 The cat was playing with a live mouse.那猫在玩一只活老鼠。 a live television program 现场直播的电视节目 alive adj. 活的,活着的 The fish we caught is still alive. 我们捉的鱼还活着。 lively adj. 活泼的;生气勃勃的; 很有精神的; 愉快的 a lively discussion 热烈的讨论 a lively market 活跃的市场 take a lively interest in 对...抱有强烈兴趣 living adj. 活着的,有生命的 a living plant 活的植物 She has no living relatives. 她没有还健在的亲戚。
living alive live 意思都含“活的”,区别如下1: living 用于生物时, 指“活着的”, 如: Shelly was still living when Keats died. 济慈死时, 雪莱还在世。 alive 指“活着的”、“在世的”, 着重于状态, 它用作表语, 或放有名词或代词后作定语, 如: The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day. 特务被活捉, 不过第二天便因重伤而死。 live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如: a live rat 一只活鼠
注意一些固定词组中的固定用法: living things: anything that lives, such as plants, animals or people 生物 living language: a language that is still spoken today the living 活着的人们
come alive 活跃起来;警觉起来/ stay alive keep sb alive 使活着; 使继续着 be alive and well: to be healthy and enjoy life be alive with: to be full of people, animals, or things that are moving: The dead tree is alive with insects.这棵枯树上爬满了昆虫。
live broadcast/programme / live performance/act/music live match: a match that has not yet been used to produce a flame live coals: pieces of coal that are burning 炽热的煤炭
语法难点精析之alive、live、living和lively的用法】 ⑴ lively 有“活泼的、快活的、生动的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定语或标语;但它没有“活着的”意思,而其他三个都有。 如: Young children are usually lively. 小孩子们通常是活泼的。 He told a very lively story. 他讲了一个生动的故事。
⑵alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思,与dead意义相反。但live通常只作前置定语,且一般用于动物;alive、living不仅可作定语(alive只能置于名词后;living一般置于名词前,也可置于名词后),也可以作表语。 如: This is a live(=living) fish.(=This is a fish alive.) 这是一条活鱼。(指动物,且作定语时,三者均可用) Who's the greatest man alive(=living man)? 谁是当今最伟大的人物?(指人,不能用live) The fish is still alive(=living) 那条鱼还活着。(指动物作表语时不能用live)。
⑶living主要指在某个时候是活着的,而alive指本来有死的可能,但仍活着的。而且,作主语补足语或宾语补足语时,只能用alive;作比喻义(如“活像。。。”、“活生生的”等)解时,要用living。 如: The enemy officer was caught alive.(作主语补足语,不用living) 那位敌方军官被活捉了。 We found the snake alive.(作宾语补足语,不用living) He is the living image of his father.(比喻义,不用alive) 他活象他父亲。
⑷只有living前加the方可表示“活着的人”,作主语时,视作复数。 如: The living are more important to us than the dead. 活着的人对我们来说比死去的人更重要。