第2个回答 2010-04-11
Architecture design and type
Buildings are closely linked with the people, for the people, and to provide the necessary space for work and life.
According to the different types of applicable, buildings can be divided into two types: industrial and civil buildings. Industrial buildings including various factories or used in industrial production, civil construction refers to those people to live, employment, and education and other social activities of the construction site.
The plant can be used in industrial construction, mining, metallurgical industry, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry and textile industry and other kinds of fields of processing and manufacturing. Plant can be divided into two types: single and multi-layer. Industrial buildings are also belongs to the building of a kind. However, industrial and civil building construction and building materials used in different ways.
According to the use of civil architecture can be divided into two categories: residential buildings and public buildings. Residential buildings to adapt to family life. Every unit should include at least three essential living room, kitchen, toilet and. Public buildings in the political, cultural, and management activities and other services, such as schools, hospitals, office buildings, shops, parks, theatres, gymnasium, station, hotel, galleries, wash bath, etc. They all have different functions, which in turn need different types of design.
Houses are used to living. It is the basic function of housing, but today, people need more housing content. A family in into a new community will know, existing housing should not only conforms to the safe, healthy and comfortable standard. Consider whether there is near its corresponding supporting facilities, such as food market, schools, libraries, cinemas, store, and community centers, etc.
In the mid 1960s is the most important value of housing plenty of space and convenient access to transportation. Most families about half an acre of land for residential area, the family that will provide enough space for leisure activities. In the highly industrialized countries, many families is that as far as possible from the first commercial housing, the downtown office to distance even for a short distance. Quite a number of families, the choice is suburban housing because of their main purpose is to stay away from noise, crowded and chaos. With convenient public transportation makes the distance is no longer a decisive factor, because most of them are open their car to go to work. Now people mainly interested in family, room size and number of the bedroom.
Before the start of the project, and to design and construction process, let people know the building after what is built and what should do next.
In architecture design should pay special attention to the room layout, its purpose is to provide the most convenient and might use. In a residential architecture design, layout, can consider the following three aspects: the "day", "night" and "service". Attention must be paid to the space between the region connected. "Day" room, living room and dining room commonly included kitchen, but the other room may increase, such as study, and is likely to become a hall. Living room is usually the biggest, is often a restaurant, or may have the kitchen, alcove, etc. "Night" rooms including bedroom, guest room. "Service" room including with kitchen, bathroom, storeroom, and toilet, etc. The kitchen and storeroom should together, to facilitate its use of function room.
In addition, still must consider all of the rooms, of course, the best possible toward the problems of those who use the room will be facing south. However, in consideration of the environmental and location, surrounding roads and other elements, it is often difficult to achieve the best requirements. In these complex problems, must according to the local urban planning regulations of public facilities involved, population density, high buildings, green area, the construction of the red, consider as required to adjacent buildings have, etc.
Although industrial building needs to accord with the local urban planning regulations but rarely standardized industrial buildings. Modern buildings, the trend is light, ventilated. General reinforced concrete structure or steel structure plant, can get a "fell" type ridge roof, the open window to the north to make even distribution of natural lighting not point-blank in causing dazzling.