(1)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/cf1b9d16fdfaaf511330190e8f5494eef11f7ab4?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
为烷烃,分子中最长碳链含有5个C原子,主链为戊烷,在2、3号C含有2个甲基,该有机物命名为:2,3-二甲基戊烷,故答案为:2,3-二甲基戊烷;
(2)2,3-二甲基-4-乙基己烷的结构简式为CH
3CH(CH
3)CH(CH
3)CH(CH
2CH
3)CH
2CH
3,故答案为:CH
3CH(CH
3)CH(CH
3)CH(CH
2CH
3)CH
2CH
3;
(3)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/48540923dd54564e61b67c88b0de9c82d0584fb4?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
键线式中顶端和拐点是碳原子,每个碳原子形成四个共价键,依据所给键线式
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/48540923dd54564e61b67c88b0de9c82d0584fb4?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
得到物质的分子式为C
5H
10,故答案为:C
5H
10;
(4)分子式为C
8H
18,其不能由任何C
8H
16的异构体与氢气加成得到,说明该烷烃中的任何碳碳单键都不是双键和氢气的加成产物,即结构简式为:(CH
3)
3C-C(CH
3)
3,故答案为:(CH
3)
3C-C(CH
3)
3;
(5)分子式是C
8H
18.它可以由而且只能由一种C
8H
16的异构体与氢气加成得到,说明烷烃中只有一个碳碳单键可以是碳碳双键和氢气加成的结果,该烷烃的结构简式为:CH
3C(CH
2CH
3)
3,故答案为:CH
3C(CH
2CH
3)
3.