直接引语和间接引语都是宾语。一字不改地转述别人的话,用引号表示,叫做直接引语,用说话人自己的话引述别人的话,不用引号表示,叫做间接引语。间接引语在句中以宾语从句的形式出现。
当主句的引述动词是过去时时,直接引语变为间接引语时,除了人称、指示代词、状语等要作变化外,间接引语里的时态还要变为相应的过去时态。如:
2.He said that he lived in a small village.
3.She told us that Mr.Green had arrived.
4.He said that he had promised the workers a rise the month before.
5.He told me that he would be here very soon.
6.She said that she could use a computer.
7.She told us that the children had gone to the movies.
8.He said to the visitors that she always started work at 8 o'clock.
当直接引语为客观真理时,主句即使用了过去时,间接引语仍然用一般现在时表示,如:
The teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.
The teacher told us that practice makes perfect.
The students said that an hour consists of sixty minutes.
The old man said that there are eight planets in our solar system.
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