Although there are several types of amplitude modulation, AM double-sideband full carrier(DSBFC) is probably the most commonly used. AM DSBFC is sometimes called conventional AM or simply AM. Figure 3-1 illustrates the relationship among the carrier [Vcsin(2πfct)],the modulating signal [Vmsin(2πfmt)],and the modulated wave [Vam(t)] for conventional AM. The figure shows how an AM waveform is produced when a single-frequency modulating signal acts on a high-frequency carrier signal. The output waveform contains all the frequencies that make up the AM signal and it is used to transport the information through the system. Therefore, the shape of the modulated wave is called the AM envelope. Note that with no modulating signal, the output waveform is simply the carrier signal. However, when a modulating signal is applied, the amplitude of the output wave varies in accordance with modulating signal. Note that the repetition rate of the envelope is equal to the frequency of the modulating signal, and the shape of the envelope is identical to the shape of the modulating signal.
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