方法二、主动语态变被动语态的方法
1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法
将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)：
He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him.
【注意】若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略：
He was born in 1986. 他生于1986年。
What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花？
2. 双宾动词的被动语态
双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)：
He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.
有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for，与所搭配的动词有关)：
He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配用介词to)
She made him a new coat. → A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配用介词for)
有时以上两种方式均可用：
He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。
→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.
He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一块表。
→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.
3. 被动语态的时态
被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的动词be来体现，其基本结构和用法如下：
(1) 一般现在时的被动语态：am [is, are]+过去分词
English is taught in our school. 我们学校学英语。
We are taken good care of at school. 我们在学校受到很好的照顾。
(2) 一般过去时的被动语态：was [were]+过去分词
He was taken to the police station. 他被带到了警察局。
The house was built ten years ago. 这座房子是10年前建的。
(3) 一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词
A new building will be built here soon. 不久这里将建一栋新楼。
The meeting will be held at two this afternoon. 会议将于今天下午2点举行。
(4) 现在完成时的被动语态：have [has]been+过去分词
All the work has been done now. 所有的工作现在都做好了。
Have the letters been posted? 信都寄了吗？
(5) 过去完成时的被动语态：had been+过去分词
He said the work had been finished. 他说工作已完成了。
(6) 现在进行时的被动语态：am [is, are] being+过去分词
My watch is being repaired by him. 我的表正在由他修理。
The plan is now being discussed. 计划现在正在讨论。
(7) 过去进行时的被动语态：was [were] being+过去分词
He said that the man was being operated on. 他说那个人正在动手术。
He told me that a new station was being built. 他说正在修建一个新车站。
(8) 过去将来时的被动语态：would be+过去分词
He said that the meeting would be held next week. 他说会议将于下周举于。
4. 含有情态动词的被动形式
若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”：
Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.
请看以下带情态动词被动句实例：
This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。
Can this be done by machine? 这可以由机器来做吗?
The work must be done at once. 这工作必须马上做了。
1.His parents are sending him abroad.
2.Our teacher gave me two books.
3.They call me little Li.
4.We must take food care of the old.
5.They made him go.
答案1、He is being sent abroad by his parents.
2、Two books are given to me by our teacher.
3、I called little Li by them.
4、The old must be taken good care of by us.
5、He was made to go by them.
选择题
1.Our house_____,
A . is getting paint B . is getting painted
C . is got painted D . has got to paint
2.He arrived in Beijing,where he_____his friend .
A . was met by B . was met C . was meeting D . met by
3.The war_____in 1937
A . was broken out B . had been broken out
C . has broken out D . broke out
4.The mistakes in the exercises will_____the teacher.
A . cross B . be crossing C . be crossed by D . cross by
5.My brother and I have __________her birthday party.
A . been invited B . been invited for C . invited to D . been invited to
6.It_______this way
A . is had to do B . is had to be done C . had to be done D . has to do
7.It__this way.
A used to do B . used to be done C . is used to do D . is used to doing
8._____Chaplin.
A . The child's name was called B . The child's name calls
C . The child calls D . The child is named
9.The sports meeting____ .
A . is put off B . is to put off C . is to be put off D . puts off
10.Mary realized she_________
A . was making fun of B . was made fun
C . was being made fun of D . was being made fun
11.______to say a thing in that way
A . It is considers wrong B . It is considered wrong
C . It is considered it's wrong D . It is consiedring wrong
12.He ordered that the books_______at once.
A . would be printed B . would print C . be printed D . print
13.The story______in ChinA .
A . was taken place B . was happened
C . took place D . has been taken place
14.The house_____my parents
A . is belong to B . belong to C . belongs to D . is belonged to
15.He_______by his teacher.
A . happened to see B . was happened to see
C . happened to be seen D . was happened to be seen
16.Great changes_____in our province.Many tall buildings.
A . have been taken place, have been set up
B . have taken place, have been set up
C . have been taken place, have been set up
D . were taken place, were set up
17.The hall's____but it's not yet____with lamps.
A . furnished, finished B . been finished, been furnished
C . being finished, being furnished D . set up, full
18.The new hall is the tallest building in this town._____from here?
A . Can it see B . Can it be seen C . Can it seen D . Can see
19.As soon as we got to the airport,we found that the plane_____.
A . had already taken off B . already took off
C . was already taking off D . was already taken off
20. Some of the hotels in my hometown_________.
A . have now been rebuilding B . are now rebuilding
C . are now being rebuilt D . are rebuilt now
21. If city noises ____ from increasing，people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner．
A . are not kept；will have to B . are not kept；have
C . do not keep；will have to D . do not keep；have to
22. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A . developed B . have developed
C . are being developed D . will have been developed
23. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off．
--- Yes，it all depends on the weather．
A . I've been told B . I've told C . I'm told D . I told
24. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A . has completed B . completes C . has been completed D . is completed
25. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from
the earth in the near future.
A . cut B . are cut C . are being cut D . had been cut
26. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A . has been designed B . had been designed
C . was designed D . would be designed
27.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A . breaks B . has broken C . was broken D . had been broken
28. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A . have been taken place; have been set up
B . have taken place; have been set up
C . have taken place; have set up
D . were taken place; were set up
29. That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A . had costed B . costed C . is costed D . cost
30. --- Look! Everything here is under construction.
--- What's the pretty small house that __ for?
A . is being built B . has been built C . is built D . is building
31.--- Do you like the material?
--- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A . is feeling B . felt C . feels D . is felt
32. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese．
A . write B . to write C . to be written D . written
33. I have no more letters ____ ，thank you．
A . to type B . typing C . to be typed D . typed
34. Take care! Don't drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A . won't wash out B . won't be washed out
C . isn't washed out D . isn't washing out
35. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A . be put up B . give in C . be turned on D . go out
36. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A . belongs B . are belonged to C . belongs to D . belong to
37. --- What do you think of the book?
---Oh, excellent. It's worth ___ a second time.
A . to read B . to be read C . reading D . being read
38. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A . catching B . to be caught C . being caught D . to catch
39. This page needed ___ again.
A . being checked B . checked C . to check D . to be checked
40. ___ many times, the boy still didn't know how to do the exercises
A . Having taught B . Having been taught C . taught D . Teaching
Keys
1 B 2 A 3 D 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 C
11 B 12 C 13 C 14 C 15 C 16 B 17 B 18 B 19 A 20 C
21 A 22 C 23 A 24 D 25 C 26 B 27 C 28 B 29 D 30 A
31 C 32 B 33 C 34 A 35 D 36 D 37 C&nb
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