数词
(一)数词的分类
1.基数词
1)21~99的两位数,在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成。如:53—fifty-three
2)101~999的三位数由hundred加and再加两位数或末位数。如:325—three hundred and twenty-five
3)基数词hundred, thousand , million, billion表示确切数目时不能加s。如:five thousand students(五千个学生)但在表示不确切数目时,要用复数形式,如:
hundreds of/thousands of students(许多学生)
4)dozen和score的复数形式应注意以下几点:
dozen(一打,十二个);score(二十);
当dozen与数词,或many, several等连用时,不加“s”,所修饰的名词前常省去“of”,例如:
two dozen pencils(两打铅笔);dozens of people(许多人)
但a dozen of these people, two dozen of them中应加“of ”,后面有“these”,“them”,“us”等词。
two score of people中应加“of”,但three score and ten people(七十人)中不加of, scores of people指“许多人”
2.序数词
1)序数词一般由基数词后+ th构成,前面一般加定冠词the,如:He was first in the race. The girl came out first/second in the contest.
2)以ty结尾的基数词构成序数词时,先把y改成i,再加eth。如:the twentieth, the fiftieth
3)不规则的序数词有以下几个:
first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth
4)“二十”以上的多位数,个位数用序数词,其余仍用基数词。如:ninety-third ;one hundred and forty-ninth
5)基数词与序数词连用时,通常是序数词在前。如:the first two pages of the book(这本书的前两页)
3.其他几种数词
1)分数由基数词和序数词合成,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时,分母的序数词要用复数形式。如:
>one(a) third ; two thirds ;
one and two-thirds ;但 one (a) half ;
one(a) quarter/one(a) fourth ; three quarters
注意:a year and a half/one and a half years(一年半)
2)小数点读Point;“零”读o[�]或zero;小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出。如:
0. 62-zero point six two
3)百分数由per cent(percent)表示:
29%-29 percent
(二)数词在句中的作用
1.主语:Two of them are teachers.
The third is green.
2.定语:There are fifty students in our class.
They live on the third floor.
3.宾语:Give me two.
Give me the second.
4.表语:I’m eighteen now.
You are the first to speak at the meeting.
5.同位语:You may leave it to us two.
6.状语:This room is one-sixth larger than that one.
(三)时间表示法
1.钟点
1)正读法——按时间表上的数字读;先读钟点数,后读分钟数。如:
10:20→ten twenty
8:36→eight thirty-six
2)表示几点过几分,用介词past,多用在半小时以内(包括半小时)。分钟数在介词的前面,时钟数在介词的后面,采用倒读法。如:
9:30→half past nine(九点半)
7:05→five past seven(七点过五分)
3)表示几点差几分,用介词to,多用在半小时以上(不包括半小时)。也用倒读法。如:
8:50→ten to nine(八点五十;差十分九点);
11 :45→a quarter to twelve(十一点三刻;差一刻十二点)
4)表示整点
8:00→eight(o’clock)
5)表示在某个钟点,用介词at。如:
They begin to work at half past seven. (他们七点半开始工作。)
2.日期
1)年代用基数词,在某年要用介词in。如:He was born in 1983.
(他出生于1983年。——1983读成nineteen eighty-three)
2)月份首字母要大写,在某月也用介词in,如果有年代出现,在月份名后加年代,中间用逗号。如:
It happened in January, 1999.
(这事发生在1999年1月。)
3)日期用序数词(序数词前加the),在某日用介词on。如:
on the first ;on the eighteenth
4)月日同时出现时可有两种表示法:
英国说法:顺序为先日后月。如:
4(th )May(五月四日——读成the fourth of May)
美国说法:顺序为先月后日。如:
May 4(th)(五月四日——读成May the fourth)
表示在某月某日,不管用在前还是在后,都用介词on。如:
The meeting will be held on March 9(th).
We’ll leave for Shanghai on 8th June.
5)年月日同时出现时,年代位于最后,其前加逗号。如:
Mary was born on January lst, 1990.
6)表示“在几十年代”用in+the+逢十的数词复数。如:in the 1990s/90’s/nineties
3.年龄
1)用基数词表示年龄。如:
He is ten (years old).
The baby is one year old.
2)表示“在某人的几十岁”时,可用介词in+one’s+整十位数的复数形式。如:
She is still in her twenties.
(她才二十几岁。)
3)表示“一个九岁的男孩”,可以有多种表达法:
a boy of nine, a boy of nine years old, a boy of nine years of age, a nine-year-old boy
注意:与基数词合成的定语,其中的名词用单数。如:
a three-month-old baby, a five-year plan
(四)编号表示法
1.用序数词
the first part ;the twenty-third section
2.用基数词
part one, page 125, (No. )183 Nanjing Road, Lesson One, the No. 3 bus, Room 302, No. 3 middle School, 电话号码:55369866
相关知识:
http://www.gzu521.com/campus/article/english/200608/85428.htm 仅供参考,请自借鉴。
希望对您有帮助。
补充:
那我没招啦,囧囧囧