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Question

法国画坛经历了古典主义到浪漫主义的发展，浪漫主义逐渐地脱离了当时的社会现实。在这样的背景下，一部分具有进步思想的艺术家认为艺术应以实际生活为基础，提出了“为生活为民众而艺术”的口号，产生了现实主义艺术思潮。现实主义艺术家赞美自然，歌颂劳动，深刻而全面地展现了现实生活的广阔画面，尤其描绘了普通劳动者的生活和斗争，此时此刻劳动者真正走进艺术殿堂，成为绘画中的主体形象，大自然也作为独立的题材受到现实主义画家的青睐。
我们这里所说的现实主义是法国艺术发展进程中一种独特的艺术现象，专指19世纪产生的艺术思潮，当时人们称之为“写实主义”，这个流派无疑是使用现实主义艺术创作方法的。它的哲学观是求真求实，导致它的美学观是以真为美、以实为美，它是写实主义的主要特征。法国社会中的阶级对立和斗争，反映到画坛上就成为古典主义与浪漫主义的争论，一部分画家对此种种不屑一顾，悄悄地进入巴黎郊区枫丹白露森林附近的巴比松村，他们都无限热爱大自然，主张到大自然中去直接描绘丰富多彩的风景，他们把描绘自然的丰富奇伟、优美秀丽和内在生命作为终生追求。他们从不把自己的艺术信仰强加于他人，因为都居住在巴比松村，共同描绘大自然，所以这群画家被称之为“巴比松画派”，主要代表是科罗、卢梭、和特罗容等。

Answer 1

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France painting altar experience classic the doctrine arrive romance doctrine of development, romance doctrine little by little escape from at that time of society reality.Under the background that so, a part have progress thought of the artist think an art should take real life as foundation, put forward the slogan of "is life is people but art", creation realism art current of thought.Realism rtist praise nature, praise labor, deep but completely display reality life of vast appearance, particularly description common worker of life and conflict, the worker be real to walk into art hall at the moment at this time, become the corpus image in the painting, great universe Be also independence of the topic be subjected to realism painter of favor.
We are here say of realism is France art development a kind of special art phenomenon in the progress, particularly 19 century creation of art current of thought, people call it as "realism" at that time, this flow a parties doubtless is usage realism rt creations method of.It of the philosophy view is to beg true beg solid, cause it of esthetics view with true is the United States, with in really the United States, it be the main characteristic of realism.France rank within society opposition and conflict, reflection arrive painting altar top and then become classic doctrine and romance doctrine of issue, a part painter to this kind kind despise on attend to, silently get into Paris suburban area maple Dan white Lou forest neighborhood of Ba Bi3 Song's village, they be all infinite passion great universe, lay claim to arrive in the great universe go direct description abundant colorful scenery, they description nature of abundant strange Wei, beautiful beautiful with inside life conduct and actions the whole life pursue.They never oneself of art believe in force upon others, all live in Ba Bi3 Song's village, common description great universe, so this painter is call it as"Ba Bi3 Song painting parties", main representative is a section, Rousseau, with especially permit etc..