what不可以引导非限制性定于从句
限制性定语从句与
非限制性定语从句1．限制性定语从句说明
先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如：
This
is
the
telegram
which
he
refers
to.
Is
there
anything
(that)
I
can
do
for
you?
2．非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿，在文字
中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如：
This
note
was
left
by
Tom,
who
was
here
a
moment
ago.
As
a
boy,
he
was
always
making
things,
most
of
which
were
electric.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：who,
whom,
whose,
which,
when
和
where，不可以用that和why。
另外，非限制性定语从句从意义上讲，相当于一个
并列句，在口语中使用并不普遍，在日常生活中，人们通常用并列句或
简单句来表达。如：
I
told
the
story
to
John,
who
later
did
it
to
his
brother.
=
I
told
the
story
to
John,
and
he
later
told
it
to
his
brother.
Yesterday
I
happened
to
see
John,
who
was
eager
to
have
a
talk
with
you.
=
Yesterday
I
happened
to
see
John
and
he
was
eager
to
have
a
talk
with
you.
3．两种定语从句的内涵不同，限制性定语从句具有涉他性，而非限制性定语从句具有
唯一性，这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较：
All
the
books
there,
which
have
beautiful
pictures
in
them,
were
written
by
him.
All
the
books
there
that
have
beautiful
pictures
in
them
were
written
by
him.
His
brother,
who
is
eighteen
years
old,
is
a
PLA
man.
（只有一个）
His
brother
who
is
a
PLA
man
is
eighteen
years
old.
（不止一个）
4．有时，非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词，而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，这时一般采用which或as来引导。如：
He
passed
the
exam,
which/as
he
hoped
he
would.
注：（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。
They
are
hollow,
which
makes
them
very
light.
As
is
known
to
all,
Taiwan
is
a
part
of
China.
（2）从意义上讲，which指前面主句的内容；而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常
识性的东西，因此常译成“就象…
…那样”。
（3）如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用，则用which，而不用as，如：
She
stole
her
friend’s
money,
which
was
disgraceful.
He
tore
up
my
photo,
which
upset
me.
5．在正式文体中，以the
way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in
which或
that
引导，如：
The
way
in
which
you
answered
the
questions
was
admirable.
但在非正式文体中，人们通常省略in
which或
that
:
The
way
(in
which)
he
spoke
to
us
was
suspicious.
I
don’t
like
the
way
(that)
you
laugh
at
her.