关系代词which和that的区别如下。
先行词指物时，关系代词that与which往往可以互换。但在下列情况中多用that。如：
All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西不都是金子。(先行词为不定代词时，多后接关系代词that)
It was the largest map that I ever saw. 那是我所看见过的最大的地图。(前有形容词最高级等的先行词之后多用that)
It was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life. 是解放给他的生活带来了彻底的改变。(强调结构用that)
There is a house that has bay windows. 有一栋房子的窗户是凸出来的。(that在此表固有的特点)
The distance that you are from home is immaterial. 你离家的距离是不足道的。(在限制性定语从句中关系代词用作表语应用that，在描述性定语从句中则应用which)
Which was the hotel that was recommended to you? 哪一个是推荐给你的旅馆?(这里用that显然是为了避免重复which)
在下列情况中则只能用which。如：
Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book. 拉里把我在书本开关叙述过的那个关于一个青年飞行员的故事讲给她听。(离先行词较远时常用which)
A store should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存在最畅销的货物。(“those+复形名词”之后多用which)
I have that which you gave me. 我有你给我的那个。(which比较正式，在非正式英语中也可用that)
Beijing, which has been China’s capital for more than 800 years, is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是八百多年的中国首都，有很丰富的历史文物。(非限制性定语从句一般皆用which)
This is the one of which I’m speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。(介词之后须用which)
先行词指物时，关系代词that与which往往可以互换。但在下列情况中多用that。如：
All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西不都是金子。(先行词为不定代词时，多后接关系代词that)
It was the largest map that I ever saw. 那是我所看见过的最大的地图。(前有形容词最高级等的先行词之后多用that)
It was liberation that brought about a complete change in his life. 是解放给他的生活带来了彻底的改变。(强调结构用that)
There is a house that has bay windows. 有一栋房子的窗户是凸出来的。(that在此表固有的特点)
The distance that you are from home is immaterial. 你离家的距离是不足道的。(在限制性定语从句中关系代词用作表语应用that，在描述性定语从句中则应用which)
Which was the hotel that was recommended to you? 哪一个是推荐给你的旅馆?(这里用that显然是为了避免重复which)
在下列情况中则只能用which。如：
Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book. 拉里把我在书本开关叙述过的那个关于一个青年飞行员的故事讲给她听。(离先行词较远时常用which)
A store should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. 商店应存在最畅销的货物。(“those+复形名词”之后多用which)
I have that which you gave me. 我有你给我的那个。(which比较正式，在非正式英语中也可用that)
Beijing, which has been China’s capital for more than 800 years, is rich in cultural and historic relics. 北京是八百多年的中国首都，有很丰富的历史文物。(非限制性定语从句一般皆用which)
This is the one of which I’m speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。(介词之后须用which)
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第1个回答 2018-03-09
在定语从句中,which 和that 在指代事物时,一般可以互换使用,但并非在任何情况下都是这样,这里介绍宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel,that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
①先行词为不定代词,all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等,
1.We should do all that is useful to the people .
2.There's nothing that can be said about it .
3.Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday?
②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时.
1.The only thing that we could do was to wait.
2.That's the very word that is wrongly used.
The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works.
You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free.
I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them.
比较 *This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
*This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时.
1.When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake.
2.This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term.
④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时.
1.This is the best that can be done now.
2.The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on.
⑤先行词既有人又有物,用which和who都不适合,这时宜用that. 如：
1.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known .
2.The rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police.
⑥被修饰词为数词时.
1.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
⑦如果有两个从句,其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that,以避免语言的单调或重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
⑧疑问词是who或which,关系代词宜用that,以避免重复.
1. Which is the book that you like best?
2. Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
⑨主句是There be 结构,修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词. 如：
1. There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
⑩被修饰成分为表语时,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that .
1. That's a good book that will help you a lot.
2. My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
①当关系代词的前面有介词时.
1.A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
2.Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
②在非限制性定语从句中.
1.Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
2.More and more people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country. (which指代主句)
③在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .
1. Let me show you the novel,that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
2. At the station I bought some magazines that might help me to pass the time on the train and which I could pass on to others when I finished them.
④当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
1. Here's the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
⑤先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking at?
⑥先行词是those+复数名词.
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
第2个回答 2018-03-09
关系代词which和that的区别如下：
1. 先行词为疑问词who或which时，限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that引导。
Who that has seen the photos of starving children doesn't want to help them?
那些看见过饥饿小孩的照片的人有谁不想要帮助他们呢？
Who that you have seen can beat him in chess?
你看过有谁能在棋艺上打败他？
Which was the bag that you left on the train?
哪一个是你忘在火车上的包呢？
2. 但先行词为that、those时，定语从句只能用who、which来引导。
What's that which you asked for?
你要的是什么？
Chance favors only those who know how to court her.
机会只会青睐那些懂得如何掌握它的人。
3. 关系代词紧接在介系词后面时，不能用who或that，只能用宾格的which或whom（即关系代词该用谁就用谁）。
The woman of whom you are speaking is our principal.
你提到的那位女士，是我们的校长。
The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late.
我等的那班火车目前已经迟了半小时了。
This is the new desk, the book on which is hers.
这是新桌子，桌子上的书是她的。
4. 如果先行词是不定代词，关系代词只能用that。
All that students have to do is study hard.
学生们必须做的事情就是用功读书。
Does "whisper" mean saying something that is not clear?
whisper的意思是说一些听不清楚的话吗？
She hates everything that is modern.
她恨任何现代的东西。
I won't go to any university or college that is located in the suburbs.
我不会考任何在郊区的大学。
5. 如果先行词前出现了形容词最高级、the only、the very、the same和序数词，引导限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
He is the only person that was present at the time.
他是那时唯一在场的人。
Today is the coldest day that we have experienced.
今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天。
Is this the very first aerobics class that you have ever attended?
这是你上的第一次有氧运动课吗？
The last thing that I want to do is to learn English.
我最不愿意做的事情就是学英语。
6. 在非限制性定语从句中，则不能用that，而要用who或which，作宾语用的代词也不省略，which引导的定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句。
I, who am your best friend, will certainly help you.
我是你最好的朋友，肯定会帮助你。
My father fell ill on May 2, 2010, which ended my dream to go to college.
我父亲于2010年5月2日突然生病，使我的大学梦想结束。
I told him to go to a doctor, which advice he took.
我叫他去看医生，他听取了我的劝告。
She is studying English, which language is very important in the twenty-first century.
她在学英语，这门语言在21世纪很重要。
James was seriously sick, which she didn't know.
詹姆斯病得很重，她并不知道。
They thought him dull, which he wasn't.
他们认为他很笨，但实际上他并不笨。
1. 先行词为疑问词who或which时，限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that引导。
Who that has seen the photos of starving children doesn't want to help them?
那些看见过饥饿小孩的照片的人有谁不想要帮助他们呢？
Who that you have seen can beat him in chess?
你看过有谁能在棋艺上打败他？
Which was the bag that you left on the train?
哪一个是你忘在火车上的包呢？
2. 但先行词为that、those时，定语从句只能用who、which来引导。
What's that which you asked for?
你要的是什么？
Chance favors only those who know how to court her.
机会只会青睐那些懂得如何掌握它的人。
3. 关系代词紧接在介系词后面时，不能用who或that，只能用宾格的which或whom（即关系代词该用谁就用谁）。
The woman of whom you are speaking is our principal.
你提到的那位女士，是我们的校长。
The train for which I am waiting is now half an hour late.
我等的那班火车目前已经迟了半小时了。
This is the new desk, the book on which is hers.
这是新桌子，桌子上的书是她的。
4. 如果先行词是不定代词，关系代词只能用that。
All that students have to do is study hard.
学生们必须做的事情就是用功读书。
Does "whisper" mean saying something that is not clear?
whisper的意思是说一些听不清楚的话吗？
She hates everything that is modern.
她恨任何现代的东西。
I won't go to any university or college that is located in the suburbs.
我不会考任何在郊区的大学。
5. 如果先行词前出现了形容词最高级、the only、the very、the same和序数词，引导限制性定语从句的关系代词只能用that。
He is the only person that was present at the time.
他是那时唯一在场的人。
Today is the coldest day that we have experienced.
今天是我们经历过的最寒冷的一天。
Is this the very first aerobics class that you have ever attended?
这是你上的第一次有氧运动课吗？
The last thing that I want to do is to learn English.
我最不愿意做的事情就是学英语。
6. 在非限制性定语从句中，则不能用that，而要用who或which，作宾语用的代词也不省略，which引导的定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句。
I, who am your best friend, will certainly help you.
我是你最好的朋友，肯定会帮助你。
My father fell ill on May 2, 2010, which ended my dream to go to college.
我父亲于2010年5月2日突然生病，使我的大学梦想结束。
I told him to go to a doctor, which advice he took.
我叫他去看医生，他听取了我的劝告。
She is studying English, which language is very important in the twenty-first century.
她在学英语，这门语言在21世纪很重要。
James was seriously sick, which she didn't know.
詹姆斯病得很重，她并不知道。
They thought him dull, which he wasn't.
他们认为他很笨，但实际上他并不笨。
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