英语省略倒装句

我一直不懂英语省略倒装句,哪位高手明白能给我讲一下吗。是英语倒装句不是汉语倒装句。谢谢

 一、使用全部倒装的情况
  
  1.在there be /lie/stand/live/seem/appear/exist/ come /go/seem句型中。如:
  There will be a sports meet in our school next week. 下周我们学校要举行运动会。
  There goes the ambulance. 救护车来了。
  2.表示地点、方向、时间的副词(here, out, in, up, down, back, off, away, now, then等)位于句首时。谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词(go, come, leave, move, run, rush, fly, jump等)。如:
  Here is a telegram for you. 这儿有你一封 电报。
  Down jumped the man from the horse. 那人从马上跳下来。
  在上述情况中,主语是代词时,则不用倒装。如:
  There he comes! 他来了!
  Here you are. 给你。
  In he came and the meeting began. 他进来,会议就开始了。
  3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。如:
  Between the two buildings stands a tall pine. 两座楼之间有棵大松树。
  Along the dusty road came a great many tourists. 沿着尘土飞扬的道路来了许多游客。
  4.为了保持句子平衡、衔接得当或强调表语或状语,而把分词短语或形容词置于句首时。 如:
  Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes. 一个长着两只大眼睛的腼腆女孩坐在屋子的后面。
  Written on the blackboard are the names of those who were late yesterday. 黑板上写着昨天迟到者的名单。
  The Most popular are young singers. 最受欢迎的是青年歌手。
  5.直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时,点明说话人的部分主谓语要倒装。如:
  “Are you listening to English on the radio?”said Mother.
  但,引述动词后有间接宾语或状语时,不倒装。如:
   “Light travels faster than sound,”David said to her.“光比声传播得快,”大卫对她说。
  “How dare you say so?”Mr Smith said angrily.“你怎么敢这么说?”史密斯气愤地说。
  6.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如:
  Long live our great country! 伟大的祖国万岁!
  
  二、使用部分倒装的情况
  
  1.only修饰的状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时。如:
  Only after three operations was he able to walk without sticks. 做过三次手术之后,他才能不用拐杖行走。
  Only with more practice can you pass the driving test. 只有多练习你才能通过驾驶考试。
  但only修饰主语时, 则不倒装。如:
  Only that girl knew how to work out the problem. 只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。
  2.含有否定意义的副词(never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere等)位于句首时。如:
  Seldom in all my life have I met such a brave man. 我一生很少见过这么勇敢的人。
  Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself. 虽然她处于极大的危险之中,但她根本不顾自己的安全。
  3.not until位于句首时。如:
  Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 直到19世纪初,人们才知道热是何物。
  在复合句中,只有主句用倒装,until引导的从句不倒装。如:
  Not until he loses his health will he give up drinking. 他直到失去健康才会戒酒。
  4.在 no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely/barely...when...结构中,前面部分位于句首时,其后的分句要部分倒装(谓语用过去完成时)。如:Hardly had the baby seen the dog when she cried. 那女婴一看到狗就哭了起来。
  No sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to another country. 那位翻译刚踏进国门就又受命要去他国。
  5.not only...(but also)...位于句首引导两个分句时,前一个分句中的主谓要采用部分倒装,第二个分句则不倒装。如:
  Not only does he teach in school, but he writes novels. 他不但在学校教书,而且还写小说。
  Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently. 她不但说得正确,而且说得流利。
  6.so/neither/nor开头的句子,说明前面的内容也适用于后者时,用倒装句“so/neither/ nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”。如:
  She has been to Dalian and so have I. 她去过大连,我也去过。
  John can’t speak Japanese,nor can Helen. 约翰不会讲日语,海伦也不会。
  但同意对方的看法,表示“是的、确实”之意时,用“so+主语+be/have/助动词/情态动词” 句式,即主谓不倒装。目前考查这种句式的省份较多。如:
  — Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
  — ______, and so did I.
  A. So she had B. So had she
  C. So she did D. So did she
   (05安徽)
  7. as/though引导让步状语从句时,可将谓语部分的形容词/名词/动词等提到句首,采用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词,其前不加冠词。如:
  Brave as they were, the danger made them afraid. 尽管他们很勇敢,但这样的危险仍使他们感到畏惧。
  8.在so/such...that...结构中,so/such 及其修饰部分位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。如:
  So beautiful was the girl that she won the championship in the beauty contest. 那女孩那么漂亮,她在选美比赛中获得冠军。
  Such an instructive speech did he make that all the listeners were moved.他发表的演说那么有教育意义,以至于所有的听众都很感动。
  9.在含有were/had/should虚拟条件句中,省去if,把这三个词放在句首时。如:
  Were she here now (=If she were here now) , she would take good care of her parents. 如果她现在在这儿,她就能照顾她的父母了。
  Had you attended the graduate ceremony (=If you had attended the graduate ceremony), I should have seen you. 要是你参加了毕业典礼,我就会见到你了。
  10.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如:
  May you be happy! 祝你幸福!
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第1个回答  2013-09-08
19.2 句子结构的省略

有些句子结构可省略。

1)有些句子结构可省去主语和谓语。如:

(1)Anything not to have to do it. 只要不去做此事,怎么都行。(anything之前省去了I’ll do)

(2)A word about your composition. 我现在谈一下你的作文。(a word之前省去了I’ll say)

2)有些省略结构可省去主语和连系动词。如:

(3)—How are you? 你好吗?

—Fine, think you. 很好,谢谢。(fine之前省去了I am)

(4)Though tired, he was not disheartened. 他虽然累了,但没有泄气。(tired之前省去了he was)

(5)Too bad we don’t have time. 真糟糕,我们没有时间。(too bad之前省去了it is)

there be结构中亦可省去there be。如:

(6)Anybody in? 里面有人吗?(anybody之前省去了is there)

(7)It was a great time. Offers of jobs poured in. Lots of them. 那是一个伟大的时期。聘请工作的信雪片似的飞来。多得很。(lots of them之前省去了there are)

3)有些省略结构可省去主语和助动词。如:

(8)When rescued, he was almost dead. 当他得救时,已经差一点死了。(when之后省去了主语he和助动词was)

(9)Tom was attacked by cramp while swimming across the river. 汤姆游泳过河时抽了筋。(while之后省去了主语和助动词he was)

(10)See you later. 再见。(see之前省去了I’ll)

(11)Got a light? 有火吗?(句首省去了have you)

4)有些省略结构只保留主语和助动词,其余皆被省略。如:

(12)—Have you finished your work? 你的工作干完了吗?

—Yes, I have. 是,干完了。(只保留主语和助动词I have)

(13)—Can he swim? 他会游泳吗?

—Yes, he can. 是,他会。(只保留主语和助动词he can)

有时还保留疑问词。如:

(14)How could you? 你怎么能这样说话?(不但保留主语和助动词could,而且保留疑问词how。You后省去say so)

5)有些省略结构只保留一个句子成分。如:

(15)—Who did it? 谁做了此事?

—Oscar. 奥斯卡。(只保留主语)

(16)—What did you get? 你买什么了?

—A dictionary. 一本字典。(只保留宾语)

(17)—What did you think of the film? 你觉得那个电影如何?

—Very interesting. 很有意思。(只保留表语

(18)—How do you like me? 你喜欢我吗?

—Very much. 非常喜欢。(只保留状语)

(19)Wait! 等一等!(只保留谓语)

(20)—What kind of pencil do you want? 你要什么样的铅笔?

—Red. 红的。(只保留定语)

6)有些省略结构可省去从句。如:

(21)You would do the same. 你也会这样做的。(省去了从句if you were in my position)

(22)You have done better this time. 这一次你做得好些了。(省去从句than you did before)

(23)—Where is my cat? 我的猫在哪儿?

—How should I know? 我怎么知道?(省去了从句where your cat is)

(24)Oh, that reminds me. 噢,这使我想起了一件事。(me之后省去了that从句,其内容由具体情况而定)

7)有些省略结构可省去整个句子。如:

(25)—Are you all right? 你没有受伤吗?

—Yes. 没有。(yes之后省去了整句I’ll all right)

(26)—Are you coming? 你来吗?

—No. 不。(no之后省去了整句I’m not coming)本回答被网友采纳