就目前掌握的文物及史料来看，古蜀国与中原商王朝并无任何藩属关系，而是两个相对独立的方国。在目前发现的商朝甲骨文中，记载有很多商朝军队与蜀人作战的事件，但大多都是有始无终；在三星堆遗址中也出土了少量作为战利品的商朝贵族使用的兵器、权杖和刻有商朝文字的器物，古蜀国的强大可见一斑。 四川广汉出土的三星堆文化，更是典型的外来文化，其出土文物中大量的人像，面具，都是高鼻深目，典型的高加索人种特征；其出土文物中的金王杖，青铜神树，以及明显的牛崇拜，石头崇拜，建筑样式，以及悬棺丧葬这些文化特征，都是古代闪米特人，雅利安人的文化特征，也是犹太文化中重要的丧葬现象。有学者推测这是闪米特语系的古犹太人的文化遗存 四川省广汉三星堆遗址年代约公元前13—14世纪左右，至迟为商代早期。遗址出土的大量青铜器中，有尊、盘、戈，还有大小人头像、立人像、爬龙柱形器和铜鸟、铜鹿等。其中，出土的青铜人像群尤引人瞩目，是同时期中原文化所没有的。82件青铜人头像、青铜八面具、兽面具、青铜大小人像不归属于中原青铜器的任何一类。特别是青铜人头像形象夸张，极富地方特色：均为高鼻阔目、方颐大耳。颧面突出、阔嘴大耳，耳朵上还有穿孔，不像中国人。在此之前，中国史前时代的面具尚无实物出土。三星堆遗址的发现，震惊世界。而且所有的青铜器上都没有留下任何铭文，简直让人不可思议。具体特征：1、三星堆青铜雕像群具有宗教意义。制作目的是用于宗庙和宫殿的祭典，为宗庙祭祀活动的重器。蜀人把想象的自然鬼神铸成“百物之形”青铜像或兽面具，代表各种自然神灵，陈放在宗庙里，目的是让人们在祭祀的烟火燎烧中祈祷和献祭，迎接神灵降临，祈求神灵护祐。三星堆被埋入祭祀坑的这批青铜像，还具有“祭天”、“祭地”、“祭山”、“迎神驱鬼”、“迎敌祭祀”等祭祀的功用。又具有“人殉”、“人祭”的雕塑代用品的某些特征。2、铸造工艺与技术。三星堆出土的青铜雕像主要为浇铸，有的又具有锻压效果。浇铸过程普遍采用商代中晚期中原地区普遍流行的“分铸法”。在祭记坑中发现了红砂石碎块，在部份铜人头中还发现有泥芯，都说明青铜像均采用翻模制造。先制出泥胎再浇铸而成。焊接、铆接等方法都达到了较高的工艺水准。3、三星堆青铜雕像具有较强的装饰性。无沦人像、人头、面具、人面像均显示出装饰效果。如，小型青铜人像，可能是挂在某种器具上的装饰物；跪在铜树下的三尊小型青铜跪人，是铜树的装饰附件；兽面具．人像面具底部呈倒三角形，是插在某种构件上，组成一体的，客观上也赋予铜头装饰功能。4、三星青铜人像群具有丰富的抽象思维观念。青铜人头像均是采用夸张的手法，夸大局部细节，强化视觉效果。“纵目”、大耳、宽嘴、楞眉、鼓眼，部分青铜人头像头顶部没有天灵盖。这些现代抽象艺术的表现手法在青铜雕像中被表现得淋漓尽致。因此，三星堆青铜雕像的寓意十分丰富，显示出较高的理性化观念。5、与西亚和埃及文化的联系。出土的40多个青铜雕像中，还有有6个带有金面罩。用箔金贴附在青铜人头像上，这在国内尚属首次。它是显示尊崇，还是巫术含义，仍是一个谜。戴黄金面罩在中国确属罕见，但3300多年前埃及鼎盛时期的法老图坦卡蒙王陵的葬殓面具就是黄金面罩。西亚和埃及许多雕像也是饰以金箔。反映出这两种文化的联系。三星堆青铜雕像及黄金面罩，年代虽然比西亚和埃及稍晚，但其大小和制作工艺完全不比后者逊色，三星堆文物中出现了西亚和埃及的文化因素，确实是一个很有研究价值的谜。三星堆青铜器是早期蜀文化的遗存，其久远的年代，鲜明的地方特色，在中国乃至世界均属罕见。 所以应该是异同参半。。。它在功能和用途上有些地方是和中原一样，有些不一样，而且它遭遇中原文化。。。。
The grasp of the cultural relics and historical point of view, the ancient Shu and Central Plains Dynasty did not have any vassal relation, but two relatively independent country. In the Shang Dynasty Oracle, there are many records the Shang troops and Shu people combat events, but most of them are having a beginning but no end; at the site of the Sanxingdui also unearthed a trophy the Shang Dynasty nobles use weapons, mace and engraved with the text objects, a powerful ancient Shu's remarkable. Sichuan Guanghan unearthed Sanxingdui culture, it is typical of foreign culture, portrait, a lot of the cultural relics unearthed in the mask, is nose, Caucasian features typical; the archaeological finds in the gold scepter, bronze Holy tree, and obviously Niu Chongbai, stone worship, architectural style, as well as the coffin funeral these cultural features, is the ancient Sumerian, cultural characteristics of Aryan, is also important in Jewish culture, funeral phenomenon. Some scholars speculate that this is the Sanxingdui ruins in Guanghan, Sichuan Province, ancient Jewish culture remains Semitic about BC 13 - fourteenth Century, at the latest early Shang dynasty. A lot of bronze relics unearthed, respect, disc, Ge, there are people head size, standing figure, climbing and dragon cylindrical copper, copper, deer, birds. Among them, unearthed bronze portrait group especially eye-catching, is also not the Central Plains culture. 82 pieces of bronze human head, bronze eight mask, mask size, beast bronze portrait does not belong to any of a class of Chinese bronzes. Especially the bronze human head image exaggeration, very local characteristics: are the saiga broad, Yi big ear. Zygomatic surface of the protrusion, mandibular big ear, and perforation of ear, unlike the chinese. Prior to this, China has no real unearthed prehistoric mask. The discovery of the Sanxingdui site, shocked the world. And all the bronze inscriptions are leaving nothing, just incredible. Specific characteristics: 1, Sanxingdui bronze statue group has religious significance. Production is designed for ceremonial temple and palace, as the Confucian ritual activities of jack. Shu people think of natural gods cast "the form" bronze or animal masks, on behalf of all kinds of natural gods, Chen Fang in the ancestral temple, the purpose is to let people pray at the sacrifice of fireworks singing and sacrifice, come to meet God, pray to the gods blessing. The Sanxingdui was buried sacrificial pits of this batch of bronze, also has the "heaven", "Festival", "offering mountain", "ghost," them to meet God "sacrifice" and other ritual function. Also has the "human sacrifice", "human sacrifice" sculpture. Some characteristics. 2, casting process and technology. Sanxingdui unearthed bronze statue for casting, forging and has some effect. Casting process is widely used in the Central Plains area in the late Shang Dynasty popular "casting". In offering record found red gravel pit in fragments, part copper poll also found in the core, the bronze using mold manufacturing. First a rough cast and cast. Welding, riveting and other methods to process the high level of. 3, the Sanxingdui bronze statue has stronger adornment. No matter, the head portrait, masks, human face image showed a decorative effect. For example, a small bronze portrait, probably decorations on a plate; kneeling on the copper tree under the three small bronze statue kneeling, copper tree decoration accessories; animal masks. Portrait mask bottom inverted triangle, is inserted in a member, an integrated, objectively also gives the copper head decorative function. 4, Samsung bronze portrait group is rich in abstract thinking. Bronze human head are using exaggeration, exaggerated local details, strengthen the visual effect. "Mask", big ears, wide mouth, eyebrows, eyes stare blankly drum, some bronze human head head no crown. These modern abstract art performance practices in the bronze statue was played most incisive. Therefore, meaning the Sanxingdui bronze statue is very rich, show the rational idea of higher. 5, and Western Asia and Egypt cultural ties. More than 40 bronze statues unearthed, there are 6 with a golden mask. With gold foil attached to the bronze human head, this is the first time in china. It is shown respect, or witchcraft meaning, is still a mystery. Wearing a gold mask in China is rare, but more than 3300 years ago in Egypt the heyday of the Faro Tutan Camon mausoleum burial burial mask is the golden mask. West Asia and Egypt many statues is decorated with gold foil. Reflect the two cultures contact. Sanxingdui bronze statue and golden mask in Western Asia and Egypt, although late, but its size and the production process is not inferior than the latter, the emergence of cultural factors in Western Asia and Egypt Sanxingdui relics, is indeed a great research value. Sanxingdui bronzes are the early Shu cultural relics, the ancient times, distinctive local characteristics, in China and even the world are rare. So it should be the similarities and differences... It is in the function and the use of some local and Central Plains, something different, and it was the Central Plains culture....
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