å½ï¼è±æåï¼pharynxï¼æ¯ä¸ååç¥æçæ¼æå½¢èæ§ç®¡éï¼ä½äºç¬¬1ï½6é¢æ¤åæ¹ï¼ä¸ç«¯éäºé¢ åºï¼åä¸äºç¬¬6é¢æ¤ä¸ç¼æç¯ç¶è½¯éª¨çé«åº¦ç»äºé£ç®¡ãå½æåå£ãåå£å侧å£ï¼å ¶åå£ä¸å®æ´ï¼æ å½åååå«ä¸é¼»è ãå£è ååè ç¸éãå½è åå«ä»¥è½¯è ä¸ä¼åä¸ç¼ä¸ºçï¼å为鼻å½ãå£å½ååå½3é¨ãå½å ·æåå½åè½ï¼å¼å¸åè½ï¼ä¿æ¤åé²å¾¡åè½ä»¥åå ±é¸£ä½ç¨ãæ¤å¤ï¼å½ä¹æ¯ä¸ä¸ªéè¦çåé³å ±æ¯å¨ï¼å¯¹åé³èµ·è¾ å©ä½ç¨ã
å½ï¼pharynxï¼ é£ç©å ¥é£ç®¡åå¼å¸ä»è´¨ï¼æ°´æ空æ°ï¼å ¥é³æèºçå ±åéè·¯ãå½ä»äºå£è åé£ç®¡ä¹é´ï¼æ¢å±äºæ¶åç³»ç»åå±äºå¼å¸ç³»ç»ã
鱼类çé³äºå½ç两侧形æãå¨èèçæ©æï¼å½é¨ä¸¤ä¾§çªåº5个å½åãä¸æ¤ç¸å¯¹åºï¼å¤èå±ä¹åå å¹é·ï¼å å¤ä¸¤èå±ç¸éåæç©¿ï¼ä¹å½¢æé³è£ãé³è£é´ä¸ºé³éï¼å ¶ååé¢åçåºä¸ç¶ææ¿ç¶ç表ç®çªèµ·ââé³ãé³è£çæ°ç®éå¨ç©ç§ç±»èä¸åãå¨èæ¤å¨ç©ä¸ï¼æå¤å¯è¾¾14对ï¼å¦ä¸ç§ç²é³ï¼åå£ç±»å¤ä¸º7对é³è£ã鲨鱼ä¸è¬ä¸º5对ï¼è®¸å¤ç§é²¨é±¼å¨é³è£åé¢è¿æä¸ä¸ªå¸æ°´åï¼ä»åçæ¥çï¼å¸æ°´åä¹æ¯éåç第ä¸å¯¹é³è£ã
éæ èæ¤å¨ç©è½ç¨èºå¼å¸ï¼ä½å¨èèæä¹å½¢æå½åï¼è¿äºå½åæäºææ¶æç©¿å½¢æé³è£ï¼ä½ä»¥åå³è¡å°éãå½åå¨åè²ä¸å½¢æä¸äºåå¼å¸æ å ³çè¡çç»æã
第1对å½åçè¿ç«¯é¨è¨å¤§å½¢æé¼å®¤ï¼ä¸è³ï¼ï¼å ¶è¿ç«¯é¨ä»ä¿ççåå½çèç³»ï¼æ为è³å½ç®¡ï¼æ称欧æ°ç®¡ãè³å½ç®¡åé¼å®¤ä¸é²¨é±¼çå¸æ°´ååæºï¼é½æ¯ç±ç¬¬1对å½ååçèæ¥ã第2对å½åå¨åºä¹³ç±»å½¢æè ææ¡ä½ï¼å¨å ¶ä»éæ èæ¤å¨ç©å¤è¶äºéåãè ææ¡ä½ä¸ºæ·å·´å¨å®ï¼å ¶åè½æ¯äº§çæ·å·´ç»èåæä½ï¼æé²å¾¡ä½ç¨ã第3å第4对å½åå½¢æç²ç¶æè ºï¼è侧ä¸ç®ï¼åè¸è ºï¼è ¹ä¾§ä¸ç®ï¼ã第5对å½åçä¸ç®å½¢æåé³ä½ãéæ èæ¤å¨ç©çåé³ä½ä½äºç²ç¶è ºæï¼åºä¹³ç±»çæä½æ åé³ä½ãåé³ä½åæ³çæ¿ç´ 称为ééç´ ï¼å¯è°èè¡æµä¸é离åæµåº¦ã
å½åçåºé¢ä¸å¤®å¤åçåºç²ç¶è ºãå¨ç³»ç»åçä¸ï¼ç²ç¶è ºç¸å½äºææé±¼çå æ±ãç¨æ¾å°æ§ç¢æ³¨å ¥ææé±¼ä½å ï¼åæ³¨å ¥çç¢å ¨éä¸å°å æ±ï¼è¯æå æ±ä¸ç²ç¶è ºåæºãåå£ç±»çå¹¼ä½å¨å½é¨æå æ±ï¼åæåå æ±å为ç²ç¶è ºã
å¨é±¼ç±»ï¼æ°´ä¸é£ç©å ±åå ¥å£ï¼å°è¾¾å½é¨ï¼æ°´ç±é³è£æµåºï¼å¨æµç»é³ä¸æ¶è¿è¡æ°ä½äº¤æ¢ï¼é£ç©åç±å½å ¥é£ç®¡ã两æ ç±»æäºå é¼»åï¼ç©ºæ°ç±é¼»åç»å£å½è å ¥èºï¼é£ç©åç±å£ç»è¿å£å½è å ¥é£ç®¡ã
åºä¹³ç±»çå é¼»åå移ï¼ç¡¬è ä¹å延伸åºè½¯è ã沿软è çèä¸çº¿åååªå¼ï¼å¯è§é¼»å½è ï¼å½é¨å¯¹åé¼»è çé¨åï¼ãå¨é¼»å½è 侧å£ä¸å¯è§è³å½ç®¡ï¼æ¬§æ°ç®¡ï¼çå¼å£ï¼æ¤ç®¡æ²éå½é¨åä¸è³è ãå½ååæ两个éè·¯ï¼ä¸æ¯é èé¢çé£ç®¡ï¼ä¸æ¯ç»åé¨éå ¥è ¹é¢çæ°ç®¡ãåå½æ¶ï¼é£ç©ç»å£è ãå½è¿å ¥é£ç®¡ï¼å³ä»è ¹åæ¹éåèåæ¹ï¼æ以å¼å¸éè·¯åæ¶åéè·¯å¨å½é¨å½¢æå½äº¤åãå¨åå£å¤çæä¸ä¸ªå¶çå½¢ç软骨ââä¼å软骨ï¼åå¬é£ç©ç»è¿å½é¨æ¶ï¼ä¼å软骨çä½åé¨ï¼è¿«ä½¿é£ç©è¿å ¥åé¨èé¢çé£ç®¡èä¸è¯¯å ¥æ°ç®¡ãå¼å¸æ¶ï¼ç©ºæ°éè¿é¼»è ãå½ï¼ç±åé¨å ¥æ°ç®¡ï¼å³ä»èåæ¹éåè ¹åæ¹ã
对äºäººä½èè¨,å½æ¯æ¶åéä¸å¼å¸éçå ±åééï¼åååç¥æçæ¼æå½¢èæ§ç®¡éãä¸éäºé¢ åºï¼ä¸ç«¯è³ç¬¬6é¢æ¤ä½ä¸ç¼ç»äºé£ç®¡ï¼å ¨é¿çº¦12 cmãå½çåå£ä¸ä¾§å£è¾å®æ´ï¼åå£èªä¸èä¸åå«ä¸é¼»è ãå£è ååè ç¸éï¼å æ¤ï¼å½å¯å为鼻å½ãå£å½ååå½ä¸é¨åã