第1个回答 2010-12-28
贝多芬一生坎坷,没有建立家庭。二十八岁时听力衰退,晚年失聪,只能通过谈话册与人交谈。但孤寂的生活并没有使他沉默和隐退,在一切进步思想都遭禁止的封建复辟年代里,依然坚守“自由、平等
、博爱”的政治信念,通过言论和作品,为共和理想奋臂呐喊,反映了当时资产阶级反封建、争民主的革命热情,写下不朽名作《第九交响曲》。他的作品受十八世纪启蒙运动和德国狂飙突进运动的影响,个性鲜明,较前人有了很大的发展。 在音乐表现上,他几乎涉及当时所有的音乐体裁;大大提高了钢琴的表现力,使之获得交响性的戏剧效果;又使交响曲成为直接反映社会变革的重要音乐形式。主要作品有交响曲九部(以第三《英雄》、第五《命运交响曲》、第六《田园交响曲》、第九《合唱》最为著名),歌剧《费黛里奥》等等
第2个回答 2010-12-22
路德维希·范·贝多芬 Ludwig van Beethoven
1770年生于德国波恩市,祖籍佛兰德
路德维希·凡·贝多芬 (1770-1827) 伟大的德国作曲家、维也纳古典乐派代表人物之一,对世界音乐的发展有着举足轻重的作用,被尊称为 “乐圣”。 贝多芬生于莱茵河畔距法国不远的小城--波恩。他出身于夫拉芒家族,一个音乐世家。他的祖父叫鲁特维克,是波恩宫廷乐团的乐长,父亲是一个宫廷男高音歌手。他的母亲是一个女佣,一个厨子的女儿。
贝多芬是一位颇具有创造性的作曲家,他给音乐带来的变化中有许多已经产生了流芳百世的效果。他扩大了管弦乐队的规模,增加了交响曲的长度,扩大了它们的领域。他证明了钢琴具有极其广泛的用途,为使它成为第一流的乐器做出了贡献。
贝多芬的作品有“月光曲”、“第九交响曲”、“第一交响曲”、“奏鸣曲”、“命运交响曲”、“庄严弥撒曲”等等
第3个回答 推荐于2016-12-02
Beethoven was born in Bonn where he studied with Christian Gottlob Neefe, who spoke of his "most promising talent" and "youthful genius".
In Bonn Beethoven played viola in the court chapel, and attracted a circle of influential and aristocratic friends.
In 1792 he moved to Vienna where he studied composition with Haydn for a short time and also established himself as a virtuoso pianist.
During the early 1800s Beethoven's 'heroic' phase produced such works as the ground-breaking 3rd Symphony ('Eroica'), the 'Waldstein' and 'Appassionata' piano sonatas and the 'Razumovsky' string quartets.
In 1802 he wrote the 'Heiligenstadt Testament' which lay bare his fears concerning the loss of his greatest faculty, his hearing. By 1818 he was completely deaf but continued to compose for almost 10 more years until his death.
Always plagued by money problems, in 1809 Beethoven's situation was finally eased by an annuity granted by the Archduke Rudolph and the Princes Lobkowitz and Kinsky, all devoted champions of his music.
Beethoven's late period produced such works of genius as the 'Hammerklavier' piano sonata Op.106, the 5 late string quartets, the Missa Solemnis and the gigantic 9th Symphony, the 'Choral'.
After Beethoven's death a passionate love letter was found amongst his papers which has become known as the 'Immortal Beloved' letter - it's thought to have been written in 1812 to Antonie Brentano, ten years his junior.本回答被提问者和网友采纳