请问这几道英语题为什么这么选？

Question

麻烦详细解释一下每道题为什么选该选项。
1.The old buildings , ___ the seventeenth century, were destroyed in the earthquake. (C)
A.date from B.dated from C.dating from D.to date from
2.___ many brightly-coloured flowers around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. (B)
A. As B. With C. For D. By
3.Which do you enjoy ___ your apare time, reading or chatting on the Internet? (D)
A. spending B.being spent C.spend D.to spend
4.As far as I know, not only Tom but also his parents ___ invited to attend the opening ceremony.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
第四题选B。

Answer 1

1. C 因为英语单句一句只能有一个谓语动词，而句中已有Were 这个Be 动词，其余动词要变为非谓语动词的形式作定语的成分,即ing和ed 的形式，但date from 不能用作被动形式，因此变为ing.表示追溯到。
2.B with 一词有很多意思，很常见的是用作连接短语做伴随状语之类的。
举个例子：With tears pouring out from her eyes, she ran out.
这里可以看到Pouring 它是pour 的ing形式， 与第一题一个语法。
with 后不能接（有谓语动词的）句子
3.enjoy 的宾语是reading or chatting on the Internet, 这里的不定式to spend做状语（同二楼）4. 根据就近原则，即最靠近动词的词的单复数决定句子的单复数。这里是Parents 故选B 表被动。若将题中Tom 和his parents两者对调则选A.
There be 的句型也是按就近原则。
希望对你有所帮助啊

Answer 2

1.A 2. B 3. A 4.B

Answer 3

dating from 分词短语做定语,date from 追溯到 [只能用主动语态，不可用被动]
with复合结构 做状语
enjoy 的宾语是reading or chatting on the Internet, 这里的不定式to spend做状语
his parents 复数,被动语态,被邀请