引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句)时,两者有时会搞混。区别在于:
what在从句中充当主语或宾语。常可翻译成“……的(事/话)”“所……的”。如:
What I like is reading.我所喜欢的是阅读。(在主语从句what I like中,what作like的宾语)
What we need are expienced workers.我们需要的是熟练工。(在主语从句what we need 中,what作need的宾语)
What comes first is a letter in the game.游戏中先出现的是一封信。(在主语从句what comes first中,what作主语)
This is what I hate.这是我所讨厌的。(在表语从句what I hate中,what作hate的宾语)
that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起引导作用。如:
That the earth travels round the sun is true.地球绕着太阳转,这是真理。(主语从句that the earth travels round the sun什么成分都不缺,that只起引导主语从句的作用。)
That fact is that I don't like reading.事实是我不喜欢阅读。(表语从句that I don't like reading什么成分都不缺,that只起引导表语从句的作用。)
另外,that可以引导定语从句,而what不能引导定语从句。
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