人称代词主格和宾格有什么区别呢

如题所述

人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.
打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。

英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如:

I, me; he, him; they, them等。

顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物。

在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。下面是常见的问题:

⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:

*(1)Wilcox spoke to I.

*(2)Her knew what had happened.

但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如:

*(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I.

*(4)He and her knew what had happened.

*(5)This is between you and he.

这种错误是可避免的。第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:"for you and me"和 "between Maria and him"。第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如:

(6)This message is for (My father and) I or me.

(7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together.

显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的"me", (6)里的代词是主格的"he"。

⒉在比较结构里,连接词"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此:

(8)a. You did as well as she.

b. You did as well as her.

(9)a. I am older than he.

b. I am older than him.

(a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受。但如果"as"和"than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下:

(10)You did as well as she did.

(11)I am older than he is .
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第1个回答  2018-03-30

人称代词主格(I , you  , he , she , it , we  ,they ) 作主语。

人称代词宾格(me ,you , him , her , it , us  , them )作宾语,一般用在动词和介词后。

人称代词:

人称代词是指直接指代人或者事物的代词。

在英语和汉语中都有三种人称代词即:

第一人称(我;我们),第二人称(你;你们),第三人称(他、她、它;他们、她们、它们)。根据人称代词在句中所充当的成分可以分为主格人称代词、宾格人称代词。另外,人称代词有单复数之分,特别是第二人称单复数写法都是一致的,实际翻译时应当注意。

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第2个回答  推荐于2017-11-21
1、人称代词主格(I , you , he , she , it , we ,they ) 作主语。
2、人称代词宾格(me ,you , him , her , it , us , them )作宾语,一般用在动词和介词后。
如:
1).My mother is a teacher . She works in a middle school . (she 作主语)
我妈妈是老师,她在一所中学工作。
2). We are students . (we 作主语)
我们是学生。
3). Mr. Li teaches us English . (us 用于动词后作宾语)
李老师教我们英语。
4). Please look at it .
请看它。
拓展:
1、形容词性物主代名词(my, your , his , her ,its , our, their )在句中作定语,后跟名词
2、名词性物主代词(mine , yours , his , hers , its , ours , theirs ) 相当于名词,可作主语、宾语和表语。
注:形容词性物主代名词+名词= 名词性物主代词
3、反身代词(myself , yourself , himself , herself , itself , ourselves , yourselves ,themselves )在句中用作宾语,同位语等。
如:
1). Our classroom is bigger than theirs . ( theirs = their classroom )
我们的教室比他们的(教室)大。
2). We should look after ourselves .
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第3个回答  2016-08-11
人称代词里的:主格放在句首做主语和表语,宾格放在句末或句中做动词和介词的宾语.
打个比方,主人邀请宾客,主格就像主人,宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面,宾格在动词或介词后面。

英语中的人称代词(Personal Pronouns)有主格、宾格和之分,如:

I, me; he, him; they, them等。

顾名思义,主格(The nominative case)用作主语,宾格(The objective case)用作宾语,所有格(The possessive case)则表示所有之物。

在实际运用中,主格和宾格代词有时会混淆。下面是常见的问题:

⒈在复合结构里,人称代词的主格和宾格在单独使用时,没有问题,如很少人会犯下这样的错误:

*(1)Wilcox spoke to I.

*(2)Her knew what had happened.

但在复合结构中,错误就难免了,如:

*(3)Wilcox spoke to my friend and I.

*(4)He and her knew what had happened.

*(5)This is between you and he.

这种错误是可避免的。第一,在有介词的复合结构中,特别要注意,第二个人称代词,必须用宾语,如:"for you and me"和 "between Maria and him"。第二,试把复合结构中的另一部分暂时用括号围起来,那么该用的格就容易辨别了,如:

(6)This message is for (My father and) I or me.

(7)(Marry and) he or him went downtown together.

显然的,(5)里的代词是宾格的"me", (6)里的代词是主格的"he"。

⒉在比较结构里,连接词"as"或"than"后面,按理用主格式,但在口语中,人们常用宾格形式,学美式英语者,更是如此:

(8)a. You did as well as she.

b. You did as well as her.

(9)a. I am older than he.

b. I am older than him.

(a)和(b)两种说法,都可接受。但如果"as"和"than"后头分句的主语和词动都要完整出现的话,这时的人称代词,就必须是主格,如下:

(10)You did as well as she did.

(11)I am older than he is .

此外,还有一点要注意,就是"as"和"than"后面虽然在语法上用主格好,用宾格也可,但是有时意思会有所不同。试比较(a)和(b):

(12)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I.

b. Jason praised Maria more highly than me.

(12)a和b都被接受,但(12)a等于(13)a,而(12)b等于(13)B:

(13)a. Jason praised Maria more highly than I did (= I praised Maria).

b. Jason praised Maria more highly than he praised me.

显然,这两句的深层意思大有差别。遇到这种情形,为了避免误解,不妨根据要表达的意思用完整的句式表达出来。换句话说,必要的话,要用(13)这句子。

不然,把(13)a变成(14), (13)b变成(15)也可:

(14)I did not praise Maria as highly as Jason did.

(15)Jason did not praise me as highly as he praised Maria.
第4个回答  2019-10-27
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