GLP规范是什么？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

实验室作业规范(Good Laboratory Practice, GLP)

良好实验室规范
---- GLP是英文Good Laboratory Practice的缩写，中文直译为良好实验室规范或标准实验室规范。GLP是就实验室实验研究从计划、实验、监督、记录到实验报告等一系列管理而制定的法规性文件，涉及到实验室工作的可影响到结果和实验结果解释的所有方面。它主要是针对医药、农药、食品添加剂、化妆品、兽药等进行的安全性评价实验而制定的规范。制定GLP的主要目的是严格控制化学品安全性评价试验的各个环节，即严格控制可能影响实验结果准确性的各种主客观因素，降低实验误差，确保实验结果的真实性。

GLP始于20世纪70年代。新西兰是第一个建立实验室登记法的国家。1976年美国食品药品管理局（FDA）制定了仅限于药品的GLP规范草案。1980年由美国联邦环保局（EPA）在《联邦杀虫、杀菌、杀鼠剂法》中发布了有关农药的GLP标准。加拿大、日本、韩国等国家先后发布了本国的GLP法规。欧共体在1975年5月公布了关于药品药理毒理、临床及临床标准草案法规，在1986年提出GLP草案，1988年又发布GLP检查法令。欧共体GLP与经济合作与发展组织（OECD）的GLP原则一致。

我国首先从医药行业开始GLP认定活动。1993年12月原国家药品监督管理局颁布了“药品非临床研究质量管理规定”(试行)。国家环境保护总局等部委也先后制定了本行业的GLP标准。我国农药行业GLP工作始于2002年。2002-2003年农业部农药检定所和沈阳化工研究院共同承担了“十五”国家重大科技攻关项目“新农药创制研究及产业化关键技术开发”中的子项目--“农药安全评价GLP/SOP体制的建立与完善”，通过项目的实施，制定了《农药毒理学安全性评价良好实验室规范》。目前，我国已被OECD接受为正式观察员。

参考资料：http://www.chinapesticide.gov.cn/filesmx.asp?xh=05051705

Answer 2

An OpenGL® to Postscript®
Class Library

GLP is a C++ class library that uses the feedback mechanism in OpenGL library to generate Adobe Postscript output suitable for printout or inclusion in a document. Use of GLP is governed by the GNU Library General Public License.

Source code for GLP version 0.1 is freely available:

GLP 0.1 Source Code for UNIX machines (libGLP-0.1.tar.gz)
GLP 0.1 Source Code for Windows 95/NT machines (libglp01.zip)
GLP is currently under development and version 0.1 can be considered (at best) a "beta" release. GLP only supports vector drawing primitives (points, lines, triangles, quads, polygons) due to limitations in the OpenGL feedback mechanism. The OpenGL Stream extension (GLS) proposed by Silicon Graphics® may remove this limitation. Feedback is used to reduce memory requirements and improve output quality. It also works around one particularly nasty problem with the current OpenGL implementation under X - you can't share display lists between direct and indirect contexts (like you'd use for an off-screen Pixmap).

Version 0.1 implements the following functionality:

All vector drawing primitives
Index and RGBA color modes
Basic "painter's" algorithm depth sort
Flat and smooth shading
Greyscale and color PostScript output
Background/clear color
Inversion of black/greyscale colors
Automatic scaling and rotation to fit the current page
Missing from 0.1 is:

Texture images
Advanced B-Tree depth sort with excess primitive removal
Blending/transparency
Windows GDI class
Documentation :)
Implementation Details
GLP is implemented as a C++ class library. The GLPcontext class provides all the basic feedback and primitive insertion functions as well as a standard framework for different types of output. This is flexible enough that you can write subclasses that output PostScript, or HPGL, or use the Windows GDI interface without having to duplicate a lot of code and effort.

GLP's design is a drastic departure from the old PSGL library which intercepted IRIS GL calls. GLP can catch the output from libraries and functions you call but didn't write. It also implements a much more intelligent depth sorting algorithm that handles transparency and automatically removes/clips primitives that are fully obscured. The result is a reasonably well optimized output stream that produces a (relatively) small file that yields higher quality output than a straight render-to-bitmap approach does.

参考资料：http://www.easysw.com/~mike/opengl/