求各位英文高手翻译,谢谢

Question

the results can be summarized as follows. in japan,demographics are defined by a sustained decline in birth rates and an increase in longevity,leading to an aging of the population.the sharp decline in fertility rates is also responsible for a significant decline of japan's population. as a result of a contracting workforce, the level of real GDP is projected to fall (from a baseline with a constant workforce)by about 20 percent cumulatively over the next half-century or so. in terms of growth, annual GDP growth in japan may be lower by about 0.5 percent for some time as the economy settles to a long-run equilibrium with a permanently higher elderly dependency ratio and smaller supply of labor.

in per capita terms,GDP per person declines slightly in the long run (relative to baseline。）output falls in proportion to the contraction of labor-measured in efficiency units. however, the percent decline in effective labor supply is larger than the fall in the (adult)population,as the share of elderly increases. investment and saving levels also decline with GDP through the adjustment process. the decline in investment reflects the desire to shed capital in the wake of the contraction in labor and output, though investment rates(as a share of GDP)remain unchanged. however,saving rates and,hence,the current account ratio increase slightly as the population ages. despite a higher proportion of elderly (who tend to save less),the increase in longevity and the decline in the inflow of young agents(who tend to have high consumption propensities)act to raise saving rates in japan.

in terms of policy implications, the analysis highlights the importance of taking into account prospective changes in the macroeconomic environment when evaluating policies that address the challenges posed by population aging. an assessment of fiscal sustainability, for example,that focused only on the social security dimensions would miss an important component of the analysis if it ignored the macroeconomic implications of demographic changes for the fiscal accounts. similarly, the endogenous response in private behavior to various policy changes should also be taken into account when examining policy reforms. on this last point,the simulation analysis suggests that changes in social security benefits can have a notable impact on private sector saving. in particular, a balanced decline in benefit and contribution rates is shown to boost private saving rates by nearly half of the reduction in benefit rates, as agents anticipate having to self-finance more of their consumption in retirement.
感谢各位朋友帮忙，决定了最佳答案后 愿追加到200分，表示谢谢

不要机器翻译，也请不要用google在线翻译。

Answer 1

the results can be summarized as follows.其结果可以归纳如下： in japan,demographics are defined by a sustained decline in birth rates and an increase in longevity,leading to an aging of the population.the sharp decline in fertility rates is also responsible for a significant decline of japan's population. 在日本，人口统计数据可定义为出生率的持续下降和寿命的增长，从而导致人口的老化。生育率的急剧下降也是日本人口明显下降的起因。as a result of a contracting workforce, the level of real GDP is projected to fall (from a baseline with a constant workforce)by about 20 percent cumulatively over the next half-century or so. 由于合同劳动力的结果，实际GDP的水平在今后半个世纪左右预计会（从一个恒定劳动力的基准）下降约20％。in terms of growth, annual GDP growth in japan may be lower by about 0.5 percent for some time as the economy settles to a long-run equilibrium with a permanently higher elderly dependency ratio and smaller supply of labor. 就增长来说，日本GDP的年增长会在相当长的时间内低于约0.5％，因为其经济稳定在一个长期的平衡状态，同时伴随着永久性较高的老年从属比率和较少的劳动力供应。

in per capita terms,GDP per person declines slightly in the long run (relative to baseline。）output falls in proportion to the contraction of labor-measured in efficiency units.从每人的意义上说，人均GDP在长期中（相对于基准）将稍有下降，产量将按以效率单位衡量的劳动力收缩成比例下降。 however, the percent decline in effective labor supply is larger than the fall in the (adult)population,as the share of elderly increases. investment and saving levels also decline with GDP through the adjustment process.不过，因为老年人所占份额的关系，有效劳动力供应的下降百分比要大于（成年）人口下降的百分比。投资和储蓄水平也将通过这一调节过程而随GDP的下降而下降。 the decline in investment reflects the desire to shed capital in the wake of the contraction in labor and output, though investment rates(as a share of GDP)remain unchanged. 投资的下降反映了由于劳动力和产量的收缩而流出资金的愿望，尽管投资比率（作为GDP的一部分）仍保持不变。however,saving rates and,hence,the current account ratio increase slightly as the population ages.不过，储蓄率，因而活期账户比率会随人口年龄的增大而稍有增加。 despite a higher proportion of elderly (who tend to save less),the increase in longevity and the decline in the inflow of young agents(who tend to have high consumption propensities)act to raise saving rates in japan. 尽管有较高的（倾向于较少储蓄的）老年人比例，但寿命的延长和年轻经纪人（他们往往有高消费的喜好）进入的减少对提升日本的储蓄率是有作用的。
in terms of policy implications, the analysis highlights the importance of taking into account prospective changes in the macroeconomic environment when evaluating policies that address the challenges posed by population aging. 从政策的关系来看，分析突出了在评价应对人口老化带来的挑战的政策时，考虑宏观经济环境未来变化的重要性an assessment of fiscal sustainability, for example,that focused only on the social security dimensions would miss an important component of the analysis if it ignored the macroeconomic implications of demographic changes for the fiscal accounts. 例如，一份关于仅着眼于社会安全方面的财政可持续性的评估，如果忽略了财政帐目人口统计变化的宏观经济关系，那么就会遗漏该分析中一个重要的成分。similarly, the endogenous response in private behavior to various policy changes should also be taken into account when examining policy reforms. 同样，在探讨政策改革时，对各种政策私人行为的内源性反应也应加以考虑。on this last point,the simulation analysis suggests that changes in social security benefits can have a notable impact on private sector saving. 在这最后一点上，模拟分析表明，社会安全效益的变化对私人方面的存款会有显著的影响。in particular, a balanced decline in benefit and contribution rates is shown to boost private saving rates by nearly half of the reduction in benefit rates, as agents anticipate having to self-finance more of their consumption in retirement.特别是在利润和贡献率方面的平衡下降被证明能提升私人的储蓄率，幅度接近于利润率下降幅度的一半，因为经纪人预期，人们将不得不在自己的退休消费中自筹更多的资金。

Answer 2

结果可归纳如下。在日本，人口是指由持续下降的出生率，并增加了寿命，导致老化的population.the急剧下降，生育率也负责显着下降，日本的人口。由于承包的劳动力，水平的实际国内生产总值预计将下降（从基线的不断劳动力）约百分之二十以上累计下一世纪上半叶左右。在增长， GDP年增长率在日本可能会下降大约0.5个百分点一段时间的经济解决了长期均衡与更高永久老年抚养比和较小的劳动力供应。

按人均计算，人均国内生产总值略有下降从长远来看（相对于基准。 ）输出属于中所占的比例收缩的劳动效率来衡量单位。然而，下降百分之有效的劳动力供给大于下降在（成人） ，人口所占的老年人增加。投资和储蓄水平还与国内生产总值下降通过调整进程。下降反映了投资的愿望下跌资本后的收缩和输出劳动力，但投资率（占GDP的份额）保持不变。然而，储蓄率，因此，经常账户的比例略有增加，随着人口老化。尽管有更高比例的老年人（谁倾向于减少储蓄） ，增加的寿命下降在流入的年轻代理人（谁往往有高消费倾向）采取行动，以提高储蓄率在日本。

在政策的影响，分析突出的重要性，同时考虑到未来的变化时，宏观经济环境评价政策，解决所带来的挑战人口老龄化。评估财政可持续性，例如，仅集中于社会保障方面可能会错过一个重要组成部分的分析，如果忽视了宏观经济影响的人口变化对财政专户。同样，内源性反应的私人行为，以各种政策的变化也应考虑到在审查政策改革。在这一点上，仿真分析表明，改革社会安全福利可以有一个显着的影响私营部门的储蓄。特别是，均衡的下降，效益和贡献率证明是促进私人储蓄率的将近一半的减少，受益率，预计代理人不必自我融资更多的消费退休。

希望我的回答对你有帮助~！

Answer 3

我的英语水平不大怎么样！可能有些地方翻译的不对，你就做个参考吧！哪里错了，希望你能给我在下面留个言啊！谢谢！不过我听我同学说网上不是可以翻译的吗？你怎么还找人翻译啊！

结果可归纳如下。在日本，人口是指由持续下降的出生率，并增加了寿命，导致老化的population.the急剧下降，生育率也负责显着下降，日本的人口。由于承包的劳动力，水平的实际国内生产总值预计将下降（从基线的不断劳动力）约百分之二十以上累计下一世纪上半叶左右。在增长， GDP年增长率在日本可能会下降大约0.5个百分点一段时间的经济解决了长期均衡与更高永久老年抚养比和较小的劳动力供应。

按人均计算，人均国内生产总值略有下降从长远来看（相对于基准？ ？ ？ ？输出属于中所占的比例收缩的劳动效率来衡量单位。然而，下降百分之有效的劳动力供给大于属于（成人） ，人口所占的老年人增加。投资和储蓄水平还与国内生产总值下降通过调整进程。下降反映了投资的愿望下跌资本后的收缩和输出劳动力，但投资率（占GDP的份额）保持不变。然而，储蓄率，因此，经常账户的比例略有增加，随着人口老化。尽管有更高比例的老年人（谁倾向于减少储蓄） ，增加的寿命和减少流入的年轻代理人（谁往往有高消费倾向）采取行动，以提高储蓄率在日本。

在政策的影响，分析突出的重要性，同时考虑到未来的变化时，宏观经济环境评价政策，解决所带来的挑战人口老龄化。评估财政可持续性，例如，仅集中于社会保障方面可能会错过一个重要组成部分的分析，如果忽视了宏观经济影响的人口变化对财政专户。同样，内源性反应的私人行为，以各种政策的变化也应考虑到在审查政策改革。在这一点上，仿真分析表明，改革社会安全福利可以有一个显着的影响私营部门的储蓄。特别是，均衡的下降，效益和贡献率证明是促进私人储蓄率的将近一半的减少，受益率，预计代理人不必自我融资更多的消费退休。

Answer 4

结果可归纳如下。在日本，人口是指由持续下降的出生率，并增加了寿命，导致老化的population.the急剧下降，生育率也负责显着下降，日本的人口。由于承包的劳动力，水平的实际国内生产总值预计将下降（从基线的不断劳动力）约百分之二十以上累计下一世纪上半叶左右。在增长， GDP年增长率在日本可能会下降大约0.5个百分点一段时间的经济解决了长期均衡与更高永久老年抚养比和较小的劳动力供应。

按人均计算，人均国内生产总值略有下降从长远来看（相对于基准。 ）输出属于中所占的比例收缩的劳动效率来衡量单位。然而，下降百分之有效的劳动力供给大于下降在（成人） ，人口所占的老年人增加。投资和储蓄水平还与国内生产总值下降通过调整进程。下降反映了投资的愿望下跌资本后的收缩和输出劳动力，但投资率（占GDP的份额）保持不变。然而，储蓄率，因此，经常账户的比例略有增加，随着人口老化。尽管有更高比例的老年人（谁倾向于减少储蓄） ，增加的寿命下降在流入的年轻代理人（谁往往有高消费倾向）采取行动，以提高储蓄率在日本。

在政策的影响，分析突出的重要性，同时考虑到未来的变化时，宏观经济环境评价政策，解决所带来的挑战人口老龄化。评估财政可持续性，例如，仅集中于社会保障方面可能会错过一个重要组成部分的分析，如果忽视了宏观经济影响的人口变化对财政专户。同样，内源性反应的私人行为，以各种政策的变化也应考虑到在审查政策改革。在这一点上，仿真分析表明，改革社会安全福利可以有一个显着的影响私营部门的储蓄。特别是，均衡的下降，效益和贡献率证明是促进私人储蓄率的将近一半的减少，受益率，预计代理人不必自我融资更多的消费退休。

说实话！这是从google中的找的哦！因为我自己实在是没有那种本事去翻译！我很诚实吧！

Answer 5

结果可归纳如下。在日本，人口是指由持续下降的出生率，并增加了寿命，导致老化的population.the急剧下降，生育率也负责显着下降，日本的人口。由于承包的劳动力，水平的实际国内生产总值预计将下降（从基线不断下降的劳动力）约百分之二十以上累计下一世纪上半叶左右。在增长， GDP年增长率在日本可能会下降大约0.5个百分点，一段时间的经济解决了长期均衡与更高永久老年抚养比和较小的劳动力供应。
按人均计算，人均国内生产总值略有下降从长远来看（相对于基准。 ）输出属于中等所占的比例收缩的劳动效率来衡量单位。然而，下降百分之有效的劳动力供给大于下降（成人） ，人口所占的老年人增加。投资和储蓄水平还与国内生产总值下降通过调整进程。投资水平的下降反映了投资的愿望下跌资本后的收缩和输出劳动力，但投资率（占GDP的份额）保持不变。然而，储蓄率，因此，经常账户的比例略有增加，随着人口老化。尽管有更高比例的老年人（谁倾向于减少储蓄） ，增加的寿命和减少流入的年轻代理人（谁往往有高消费倾向）采取行动，在日本以提高储蓄率。
在政策的影响下，分析突出事件的重要性，同时考虑到未来的变化时，宏观经济环境评价政策，解决所带来的挑战人口老龄化。评估财政可持续性，例如，仅集中于社会保障方面可能会错过一个重要组成部分的分析，如果忽视了宏观经济影响的人口变化对财政专户。同样，内源性反应的私人行为，以各种政策的变化也应考虑到在审查政策改革。在这一点上，仿真分析表明，改革社会安全福利可以有一个显着的影响私营部门的储蓄。特别是，均衡的下降，效益和贡献率证明是促进私人储蓄率的将近一半的减少，受益率，预计代理人不必自我融资更多的消费退休金。

就这样，你看怎么样？

Answer 6

the results can be summarized as follows. in japan,demographics are defined by a sustained decline in birth rates and an increase in longevity,leading to an aging of the population.the sharp decline in fertility rates is also responsible for a significant decline of japan's population. as a result of a contracting workforce, the level of real GDP is projected to fall (from a baseline with a constant workforce)by about 20 percent cumulatively over the next half-century or so. in terms of growth, annual GDP growth in japan may be lower by about 0.5 percent for some time as the economy settles to a long-run equilibrium with a permanently higher elderly dependency ratio and smaller supply of labor.

in per capita terms,GDP per person declines slightly in the long run (relative to baseline。）output falls in proportion to the contraction of labor-measured in efficiency units. however, the percent decline in effective labor supply is larger than the fall in the (adult)population,as the share of elderly increases. investment and saving levels also decline with GDP through the adjustment process. the decline in investment reflects the desire to shed capital in the wake of the contraction in labor and output, though investment rates(as a share of GDP)remain unchanged. however,saving rates and,hence,the current account ratio increase slightly as the population ages. despite a higher proportion of elderly (who tend to save less),the increase in longevity and the decline in the inflow of young agents(who tend to have high consumption propensities)act to raise saving rates in japan.

in terms of policy implications, the analysis highlights the importance of taking into account prospective changes in the macroeconomic environment when evaluating policies that address the challenges posed by population aging. an assessment of fiscal sustainability, for example,that focused only on the social security dimensions would miss an important component of the analysis if it ignored the macroeconomic implications of demographic changes for the fiscal accounts. similarly, the endogenous response in private behavior to various policy changes should also be taken into account when examining policy reforms. on this last point,the simulation analysis suggests that changes in social security benefits can have a notable impact on private sector saving. in particular, a balanced decline in benefit and contribution rates is shown to boost private saving rates by nearly half of the reduction in benefit rates, as agents anticipate having to self-finance more of their consumption in retirement.

结果可归纳如下。在日本，人口是指由持续下降的出生率，并增加了寿命，导致老化的population.the急剧下降，生育率也负责显着下降，日本的人口。由于承包的劳动力，水平的实际国内生产总值预计将下降（从基线的不断劳动力）约百分之二十以上累计下一世纪上半叶左右。在增长， GDP年增长率在日本可能会下降大约0.5个百分点一段时间的经济解决了长期均衡与更高永久老年抚养比和较小的劳动力供应。

按人均计算，人均国内生产总值略有下降从长远来看（相对于基准。 ）输出属于中所占的比例收缩的劳动效率来衡量单位。然而，下降百分之有效的劳动力供给大于下降在（成人） ，人口所占的老年人增加。投资和储蓄水平还与国内生产总值下降通过调整进程。下降反映了投资的愿望下跌资本后的收缩和输出劳动力，但投资率（占GDP的份额）保持不变。然而，储蓄率，因此，经常账户的比例略有增加，随着人口老化。尽管有更高比例的老年人（谁倾向于减少储蓄） ，增加的寿命下降在流入的年轻代理人（谁往往有高消费倾向）采取行动，以提高储蓄率在日本。

在政策的影响，分析突出的重要性，同时考虑到未来的变化时，宏观经济环境评价政策，解决所带来的挑战人口老龄化。评估财政可持续性，例如，仅集中于社会保障方面可能会错过一个重要组成部分的分析，如果忽视了宏观经济影响的人口变化对财政专户。同样，内源性反应的私人行为，以各种政策的变化也应考虑到在审查政策改革。在这一点上，仿真分析表明，改革社会安全福利可以有一个显着的影响私营部门的储蓄。特别是，均衡的下降，效益和贡献率证明是促进私人储蓄率的将近一半的减少，受益率，预计代理人不必自我融资更多的消费退休。